Democratic Party (Portugal)

The Democratic Party (Portuguese Partido Democrático (PD ) ) was a left-liberal and by far the most important political party in Portugal, during the First Republic.

Party Name

The Democratic Party saw itself as the successor party of the old Republican Party ( Partido Republicano Português ( PRD). These had been founded in 1876 and had fought for the abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of a republican system of government in Portugal. Having this goal was achieved, began the old Republican Party to break up into several parties. 1912 split the Evolutionist Republican Party (PRE ) ( liberal, center-right ) and the Unionist Party ( conservative) of the PRD from. the remaining left-liberal wing of the PRD was from this point on Democratic Party for themselves the name " Republican Party " because it was called. the party has that name but never officially supported, but claimed never officially disbanded. too, the Democratic Party of the PRD took over almost the entire party structure. Around the 'new' party that indeed only a part of the old PRD represented by the spin-offs from 1912 to be able to distinguish it from the PRD before that date, it has become customary to refer to them as Democratic Party. Also, the other did not recognize from the PRD emerged parties to the claim of the Democrats to continue the old PRD. For these series, the followers were the Democrats often referred to as " Afonistas " by Afonso Costa, leader of the Democratic Party.

History and position of the party in the state

The Democrats were by far the most important party of the First Republic, they were almost a State Party. With the exception of António José de Almeida ( President 1919-1923 - PRE) all belong to the constitutional president of the first republic of PD. Of the 45 governments of the First Republic were led 25 of the PD or the PD was at the very least heavily involved in them.

Determining personality within the PD was Afonso Costa, who was himself several times prime minister. During the First World War, the party went with the PRE, a grand coalition, which so-called " Government of the sacred unity" ( governo da sagrada união ). In it was the leader of the PRE António José de Almeida, Head of Government, Afonso Costa, however, took as finance minister a crucial item a.

1917 was eliminated from Sidónio Pais constitutional order. The PD stood in sharp opposition to the 'New Republic' ( Nova República ) of Sidónio Pais, Costa Afonso went into exile in France. 1918 Pais falls victim to an assassination, the constitutional order is restored, da Costa is still in Paris, António Maria da Silva takes over the leadership of the Party.

With the military coup of 1926 ends the history of the party, as all political parties were banned and was later replaced by the single party of the Estado Novo, the UN.

Leading politicians

President

Prime Minister

  • Augusto de Vasconcelos (1911 - 1912)
  • Duarte Leite Pereira da Silva (1912 - 1913)
  • Afonso da Costa (1913 - 1914, 1915 - 1916, 1917)
  • Bernardino Machado (1914, 1921)
  • Victor Hugo de Azevedo Coutinho (1914 - 1915)
  • José Carlos de Mascarenhas Relvas (1919)
  • Domingos Leite Pereira (1919, 1920, 1925)
  • Alfredo de Sá Cardoso (1919 - 1920)
  • António Maria Baptista (1920 )
  • José Ramos Preto (1920 )
  • António Maria da Silva ( 1920)
  • Liberato Pinto Ribeiro (1920 - 1921)
  • António Maria da Silva (1922 - 1923, 1925, 1925-1926 )
  • Alfredo Rodrigues Gaspar (1924 )
  • Vitorino de Carvalho Guimarães (1925 )
First Portuguese Republic Conservatism Estado Novo (Portugal) List of Prime Ministers of Portugal History of Portugal Timeline of Portuguese history List of political parties in Portugal
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