Derby (horse race)
The term Derby ( British pronunciation [ dɑ bɪ ː ] or U.S. American [ dɜrbi ] ) is today used for various examinations and competitions in equestrian sports.
It goes back to a 1780 for the first time in Epsom Downs, England material discharged horse race which was established as a performance comparison for three year-old thoroughbred horses of the 12th Earl of Derby. He later followed similar farmed races in other countries.
Besides the classic horse race now exist a number of other tests in various riding and equestrian sports as Derby, whose term has also become established in other sports.
Derby Horse Racing
The Derby is the most important of the classic flat races and most important test for breeding thoroughbreds ( both English thoroughbred and trotter and Arabs), in which three year old horses run under the same weight, with mares, however, have to carry a little less weight. The resulting system of these performance tests in England has been adopted worldwide.
Already for the year 1661 is the first time a horse race in the English town of Epsom recorded, which took place on the grounds of Epsom Downs and Walton. 1779 organized Edward Smith Stanley, Earl of Derby, there a competition for himself and his friends, in which three old mares competed in a race over one and a half miles and named it after his estate, The Oaks - The Oaks. The race Oaks Stakes will be held today at the Epsom Downs.
The following year, there is another race was founded, which aimed to identify the best horses for breeding and racing. The name Derby took place after the toss of a coin between the Earl of Derby and his friend Sir Charles Bunbury, who both won the coin toss, as well as the race with his horse Diomed.
The international famous Epsom Derby ( Derby Stakes actually or simply The Derby ) is still used over a distance of 2,423 meters (1 mile, 4 furlongs and 10 yards) discharged.
During the 19th century was followed by almost all States thoroughbred breeding operate the English example. Thus was born 1836 in France, the Prix du Jockey - Club; in Ireland after a few precursors 1866 Irish Derby. 1868 Derby in Vienna in Austria was founded and in 1869 the German Derby in Hamburg.
Like the Derby at Epsom, which was to a large social event, developed elsewhere in particular the gallop derby too numerous attended events that were next up for enthusiastic spectators and horse lovers, also the meeting places for the ruling classes.
The German Derby will be held parallel to the Irish Derby in Hamburg's horn traditionally on the first Sunday of July on the Horner Racecourse. In England and France, the appointment is usually in June and in the United States (Kentucky Derby) already in May.
The length of the track varies somewhat. Thus, the German Derby leads traditionally over 2400 meters, the French Derby since 2005 over 2100 meters ( previously also 2400), the Kentucky Derby over 1 1/4 miles ( 2011 m), and the Irish Derby over 2414 meters.
There are also for mares today derbies in many other countries, such as the Irish Oaks in Ireland, the Prix de Diane in France and the price of Diana in Germany.
Trotting Derby
The German Trotting Derby was held for the first time on 23 May 1895. Since it takes place in Berlin every year. Since 1954, the date falls on the first Sunday in August and the venue is the harness racing track in Berlin- Marie village. The most successful drivers Frömming John and Robert Grossman were, they won the German Trotting Derby eleven times each.
Derby in jumping and dressage
As such Jumping Derby are referred to jumping, which differ from the usual route through a particularly long route and the use of semi-natural terrain jumps and many obstacles ( walls, sinks, Ricks with ditches). Make less technical than psychological requirements for horse and rider. You will generally result in over grass floors.
Known and has a long tradition, inter alia, the English Derby in Hickstead, the Dutch in Valkenswaard and has been held since 1920 German Jumping Derby in Hamburg. The Spring Derby in Hamburg district of Klein Flottbek has an almost unchanged since the beginning of 1230 m long and challenging course, the obstacles (including the well-known about the equestrian addition powder 's grave ) are copied from nature.
Since 1955 (with interruptions ) and the dressage in Hamburg- Klein Flottbek is represented as Derby. The German Dressage Derby will be hosted there in parallel with the German Jumping Derby. This is a dressage horse change.
Driving Derby
The German vehicle was first Derby in 1950, parallel to the German Jumping Derby in Hamburg discharged. Today the suras castle in Hörstel giants Beck is the venue for this driving sport event.
The program of the early years differed significantly even from today's tasks. So beside the dressage Zugleistungsprüfungen were performed for each horse. These program parts were made in Elmshorn. The last part audit was conducted in a power trip as a precursor of today's marathon driving, which began in Elmshorn and ended the tournament place in Hamburg- Klein Flottbek.
In the late 1950s, the power drive of the vehicle Derby came under criticism after horses had been rushed to shame due to over speeding. Over the years, the power drive developed in driving sport of a contest that was based on a trip with a trailer over roads and trails, to a sporting event. In place of road obstacles ( barriers, etc. ) complex combinations are entered today.
After the German Derby driving, similar to the German Dressage Derby, was outsourced within Hamburg and partly failed, changed the venue. From the 1990s it was held in Starnberg Landstetten. However, due to financing problems also came at the location the end, giant Beck received in 2002, then the contract for the Derby. As in 2012, in Giant Beck held the world championship of Four Hand Driver, guested once the German Derby driving at CHI Donaueschingen.
Today, Deutsches Derby driving consists of five components. Unlike other combined tests in Driving tests are carried out with two- and Vierspännern in an overall ranking in the context of driving derbies. It is to the following tests:
Derby Equestrian Eventing
It is clearly known than the derbies in the aforementioned disciplines, that in the years 2001, 2003 and 2004, the Horner horseracing track in Hamburg also held the German Eventing Derby. This was around versatility accelerated test (CIC ) in the International 3 * level. Special feature was a water ride, which - unlike usual - was chest high.