Diatrizoic acid
- IUPAC: 3,5-bis ( acetamido ) -2,4,6 - triiodobenzoic
- Latin: Acidum amidotrizoicum
V08AA01
X-ray contrast agents
> 300 ° C
8900 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, mouse, i.v.)
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Amidotrizoic ( diatrizoate, 3,5-bis ( acetamido ) -2,4,6 - triiodobenzoic ) is a water soluble, kidney course, hochosmolares iodinated contrast agent that is used in radiology.
Compounds
Amidotrizoic comes in the form of various salts to drug use:
- Meglumine diatrizoate
- Sodium diatrizoate
- L -lysine diatrizoate
The respective formulations (solutions for oral use, injecting, Instill ) differ in their osmolality ( it is by a factor of 5-8 higher than that of the blood), in their sodium and iodine as well as in its viscosity, which determines the type of application will.
Applications
Diatrizoate - containing contrast agents are used for different purposes.
- Representation of the gastrointestinal tract, especially if the suspected perforation exists. In contrast to barium -containing contrast media diatrizoate does not result in leakage into the abdominal cavity to the dreaded chemical peritonitis. It can highly concentrated contrast agents are used ( for example, 10 g of sodium diatrizoate meglumine diatrizoate and 66 g per 100 ml of contrast medium; trade names Gastrografin ®, Gastrolux ®).
- Representations in urology / endoscopic portion: for example, the urinary system by means of retrograde urethrography, the joints using arthrography, or the bile ducts, gallbladder and pancreatic duct by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Depending on the field solutions of various osmolality and viscosity are used ( for example, 60 g of L -lysine diatrizoate to 100 ml of contrast medium; trade name Peritrast Infusio ® 300/60 %).
With effect from 1 July 2000, the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices ( BfArM) has revoked the approval of the ionic, strongly hypertonic contrast media ( diatrizoate = amidotrizoate, Ioxitalamat ) for intravascular application. The explanation for this decision is in the negative risk-benefit assessment of these contrast agents. The niederosmolalen and in particular the non- ionic contrast media are clearly better tolerated due to reduced osmo - and chemo- toxic effects ..
Structure -activity relationships
The carboxy group is responsible for the salt formation and thus for the solubility and the excretion in the urine. The three symmetrically arranged iodine effect the desired contrast density. The acetylamino reduce the lipophilicity of the ground substance and causes a drastic decrease in protein binding. A high protein binding should be responsible for membrane damage, inhibition of enzymes and other side effects.