Diccionario de la lengua española

The Diccionario de la lengua española de la Real Academia Española is a dictionary of the Spanish language, published by the Royal Spanish Academy [ for language]. The first edition dates from 1780 and the last - the 22 -. 2001 On the Internet, the work can be pursued at the 23rd edition.

The dictionary is the most important dictionary of the Spanish language, mainly in cases of doubt. It contains all the words that are used not only in technical languages ​​or limited geographic areas of the Spanish- speaking world. The abbreviation is commonly DRAE ( Diccionario de la lengua española de la Real Academia Española ), the Academy itself, however, speaks of the Diccionario Usual.

Origin and development of the dictionary

The development of a dictionary of the Spanish language, was one of the first tasks that the Academy presented upon its foundation in 1713. First, as was the Diccionario de Autoridades (1726-1739 in six volumes ). On this basis, the DRAE was developed, which was first published in 1780. The full title was " Dictionary of the Spanish Language compiled by the Royal Spanish Academy, reduced to a band for easier use " .. In the preface to the demand of the public were given by a dictionary as reasons for the publication, as long as the second corrected and expanded edition of the Diccionario de Autoridades still outstanding. The DRAE was a slight common and cost-effective alternative. Already in its second edition of the DRAE rose to become the most important dictionary of the Spanish language, which was no disclosure of documents. The Diccionario de Autoridades has not been updated since 1793.

On the acceptance, modification or deletion of keywords decides the House of the Academy. Between 1780 and 1992, if it was Latin words, even the academies in these countries consulted. Since the launch of the Royal Spanish Academy in 1992 passed and the 21 other academies for language Spanish-speaking world dictionary out together.

Issues of DRAE (year and edition): 1780 ( 1 ) - 1783 ( 2 ) - 1791 ( 3 ) - 1803 ( 4 ) - 1817 ( 5 ) - 1822 ( 6 ) - 1832 ( 7 ) - 1837 ( 8 ) - 1843 ( 9 ) - 1852 (10th) - 1869 (11th) - 1884 (12th) - 1899 (13th ) - 1914 (14th ) - 1925 (15th ) - 1936 / 39 ( 16 ) - 1947 (17th) - 1956 (18th ) - 1970 ( 19th ) - 1984 (20th) - 1992 ( 21 ) - 2001 ( 22 ).

Media used

Until the 21st edition of the DRAE was published on paper, but was released with this edition for the first time an edition on CD- ROM. With the 22nd edition, the dictionary has been posted on the Internet beyond where it is accessible for free. The Internet version is, however, the state of work again, which has now been reached on the way to 23 printed edition, so that new words and changing definitions can be viewed here.

Curiosities

From the fourth edition (1803 ) ch and ll were treated as a separate letter in the alphabet. This decision was only repealed in 1994 by the 10th Congress of the Association of Spanish -language academies again, so ch and ll now at her usual place in the Latin alphabet are classified. In 1803 also the x was replaced by a j, if it was pronounced like j. The circumflex accent ^ was deleted.

The first editions were much more extensive than today. They contained the translation of the terms into Latin, gave in some cases, examples of the use primarily in the form of idioms and treated the word history. Following the use of the era can be found mujer ( German woman) classified under Muger; xaga first turned into chaga and later in llaga ( German: wound) and xapeo in chapeo ( German: hat).

In the colophon on the last page of the 22nd edition of the most famous Spanish poet is a special honor to be part: " Se Acabo de imprimir este libro en Madrid en los talleres gráficos de Rotapapel, SL, el día 9 de octubre de MMI, fecha en que se cumplen 454 años del bautismo de Miguel de Cervantes " ( the printing of this book was completed on 9 October 2001 in Madrid in the graphic workshops Rotapapel SL, the day on which the baptism of Miguel de Cervantes to 454 times marks ) the exact birthday Cervantes ' is unknown, which is why reference is made to the baptism.

Title of the dictionary

• Diccionario de la lengua castellana compuesto por la Real Academia Española ( German: Dictionary of Spanish language compiled by the Royal Spanish Academy ), title of the first (1780 ) to the fourth edition (1803 ).
• Diccionario de la lengua castellana por la Real Academia Española, title of the fifth (1817 ) to 14th edition (1914 ).
• Diccionario de la lengua española since the 15th edition (1925 ).