Dichloroacetic acid
- Dichlorethansäure
- DCA
Colorless liquid with a pungent odor
Liquid
1.57 g · cm -3 ( 20 ° C)
9-13 ° C
194 ° C.
0.19 hPa ( 20 ° C)
1.29
- Miscible with water
- Very soluble in DMSO, ethanol and acetone
1,466
Risk
- 0.51 ml · kg -1 ( LD50, Rabbit, transdermal)
- 2820 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)
-496.3 KJ / mol
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Dichloroacetic acid ( DCA short, ENGL. Dichloroacetic Acid ) is a chlorinated carboxylic acid, in which two hydrogen atoms of the methyl group substituted by two chlorine atoms. The salts are called Dichloracetate.
Occurrence
Dichloroacetic acid may occur in chlorinated drinking water when in contact with organic matter.
Production and representation
Dichloroacetic acid or trichloroacetic acid can be obtained from the reaction of acetic acid with chlorine, where, however, a mixture of mono-, di-, and trichloroacetic acid is produced which is difficult to unravel. A direct access is obtained by the reaction of chloral hydrate and potassium cyanide or Kaliumhexacyanidoferrat (II ) in aqueous solution by boiling under reflux.
Use
Dichloroacetic acid is used as a solvent and as a feedstock for the synthesis of other chemicals (eg sulfonamides ) used.
Medicine
In clinical studies, use of dichloroacetate is tested as a drug in the metabolic disease lactic acidosis, since it inhibits the enzyme 's kinase of the enzyme complex pyruvate dehydrogenase.
Since a scientific publication in January 2007 is a used as medicine against specific cancer forms the subject of investigations. For commercial marketing are so far there is insufficient evidence for the clinical efficacy and safety. A study had to be discontinued in 2006 due to nerve damage. Due to lack of patentability to finance clinical trials is very difficult, because so far there is no financial incentive for pharmaceutical companies.