Die Elenden sollen essen, BWV 75

The meek ​​shall eat ( BWV 75 ) is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed it for the 1st Sunday after Trinity, and led them in Leipzig in St. Nicholas Church on May 30, 1723 for the first time. Bach thus took up his duties as cantor in Leipzig and began its first annual cycle of cantatas.

History and words

Bach composed the cantata for his appointment as cantor in Leipzig on the 1st Sunday after Trinity, May 30, 1723. He began a project to compose new cantatas for all occasions of the liturgical year.

The score is very neatly written on paper that does not come from Leipzig, therefore, is to assume that Bach composed the already complex work in 14 sets in Köthen.

The prescribed readings for the Sunday were 1 Jn 4:16-21 LUT, "God is love ", and Luke 16:19-31 LUT, the parable of the rich man and Lazarus. The unknown poet takes a psalm verse, Psalm 22:27 LUT, which addresses the image of the food, to the starting point and thereby linking the gospel with the Old Testament, as will also the cantata with the hungry thy bread, BWV 39, with a quote from the Old Testament begins. The poet of the first part of the work, which consists of seven movements, one to the contrast of wealth and poverty. To make music in a symmetrically built the second part of seven sets also, after the sermon, he deepened the theme to thoughts about spiritual poverty and spiritual wealth: "Jesus makes me spiritually rich " and "O poverty, which resembles no wealth ". Both parts are each charged with one verse of the hymn What God does is well done decided by Samuel Rodigast, the first part with the second, the second part of the sixth stanza.

A Leipzig Chronicle, "Acta Academica Lipsiensium ", reported on the social event: " ... led ... Hr. John Sebastian Bach ... with good applauso his first music on. "

The sentence of the final chorale Bach used in expanded form again in the cantata " What God does is well done " ( BWV 100).

Scoring and structure

The cantata is staffed with four soloists, soprano, alto, tenor and bass, four-part choir, trumpet, two oboes, oboe d' amore, two violins, viola and basso continuo with bassoon.

Change In both parts of recitatives and arias, and will be decided by a Choral, only Part II begins not with a choral setting, but with an instrumental chorale fantasy.

Music

Bach opens the cantata meaningful in the style of a French overture. A year later he chose a similar shape to, BWV 20 to begin his second cantata cycle of chorale cantatas with O Ewigkeit, du thunder word. How Alfred Dürr observed the result of a slow part in sharp dotted rhythm and a lively fugue may also be regarded as a prelude and fugue. The first part dealt with in the manner of a motet two different text sections, separated by an interlude. The title bar of the word emphasizes the miserable old style on the second syllable. The joint treated in three bushings, again divided by interludes, the text "Your heart shall live for ever."

Four of the recitatives are secco, accompanied only by continuo, but in each case the first recitative of a part is accompagnato, additionally accompanied by the strings. In the arias voices and instruments are often shared the same musical material. The four arias can be regarded as a dance suite, the tenor aria as a polonaise, the soprano aria as Minuet, the alto aria as Passepied and Bassaria as Gigue. In the final aria the trumpet begins the sentence and then accompanied the bass virtuoso figuration to the words " My heart believes and loves " to give shine.

The music of the hymn stanzas is identical. The sentence is not simply four voices, as in most later cantatas of Bach, but the voices are installed in a concerto, the orchestra is led by violin and oboe I I. The motifs of the concerto is derived from the first chorale line.

The Sinfonia at the beginning of Part II, unusual in Bach's cantatas, is particularly noteworthy because it is a chorale fantasia on the same chorale melody. The trumpet, which has been silent in the first part, plays the cantus firmus against a polyphonic string section thus emphasizing again " What God does is well done ."

Recordings

Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis First Epistle of John Psalms Bass (voice type) Knabenchor Hannover Leonhardt-Consort Werner Neumann Christoph Wolff Ach Gott, wie manches Herzeleid, BWV 3 Allein zu dir, Herr Jesu Christ, BWV 33 Brich dem Hungrigen dein Brot, BWV 39 Am Abend aber desselbigen Sabbats, BWV 42 Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt, BWV 68 Alles nur nach Gottes Willen, BWV 72 Alles, was von Gott geboren, BWV 80a Bisher habt ihr nichts gebeten in meinem Namen, BWV 87 Ach, lieben Christen, seid getrost, BWV 114 Christum wir sollen loben schon, BWV 121 Auf Christi Himmelfahrt allein, BWV 128 Aus der Tiefen rufe ich, Herr, zu dir, BWV 131 Bereitet die Wege, bereitet die Bahn! BWV 132 Erforsche mich, Gott, und erfahre mein Herz, BWV 136 Bringet dem Herrn Ehre seines Namens, BWV 148 Ach! ich sehe, itzt, da ich zur Hochzeit gehe, BWV 162 Barmherziges Herze der ewigen Liebe, BWV 185 Mein Herze schwimmt im Blut, BWV 199 Entfliehet, verschwindet, entweichet, ihr Sorgen, BWV 249a St Mark Passion (Bach)
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