Digestive enzyme

Digestive enzymes are enzymes that break down among other food into its individual parts, to make it so for the metabolism recyclable. The task of almost all of these enzymes is to break down long-chain molecules ( carbohydrates, fats, ... ) with absorption of water into simpler low molecular weight compounds (amino acids, simple sugars, glycerol, fatty acids).

In the mouth acts as the α -amylase, and later when the food reaches the stomach, pepsin and act Katepsin, in duodenal bile further cleaves. In the small intestine act for carbohydrates and fats the lactases the Darmlipasen. For proteins that are responsible Dipeptidpeptidasen. The pancreas produces many digestive enzymes ago ( trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, Procarboxypeptidasen, proelastase ), α -amylase, ribonuclease and deoxyribonucleases and lipases, without which the food can not be recycled.

Human digestive enzymes

( Capable of cleaving enzymes, proteins or peptides) peptidases = proteases (protein -splitting enzymes )

• Pepsin ( Serves the degradation of proteins in the stomach )
• Katepsin
• Trypsin ( degradation of proteins in the small intestine )
• Chymotrypsin ( cleaves preferentially at specific peptide bonds ( milchgerinnend ) )
• Pancreatic elastase ( Elastin cleaves )
• Erepsin ( enzyme that catalyzes the splitting of proteins into amino acids )

Glycosidases (enzymes, polysaccharides (eg starch ) in barley sugar columns )

• Salivary amylase ( α -amylase, begins with breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth)
• Pancreatic amylase ( α -amylase leads to degradation continued )
• Sucrase -isomaltase ( enzyme that degrades branched sugar chains )
• Maltase - glucoamylase ( α -glucosidase - enzyme that degrades unbranched sugar chains and splits disaccharides into monosaccharides in the small intestine )

Lipases (enzymes from the pancreas, which cleave the fats in the small intestine into glycerol and fatty acids ), especially

• Bile salt-activated lipase, cholesterol esters degrades
• Decomposed pancreatic lipase, triglycerides to monoglycerides

Nucleases ( enzymes that cleave nucleic acids )

Other:

• Lactase ( splits milk sugar ( lactose) into galactose and glucose)