Dissolve (filmmaking)

High and low beam ( engl. fade - in, fade -out ) are cinematic form means that are sometimes used to clearly delineate scenes from each other. While a Fade marks the beginning of a sequence whose end is marked by a fade out. Also beginning and end of a movie can be marked with an up-and fade. High and low beam then correspond to the curtain in the theater.

Classically, the fade-in from black and fade from the scene carried out in a scene out of the film, to black. However, the up-and fade-out can also be done in white or off white and in color in a color film into or out of a color out. The transition from or to a blurred image can be viewed as a form of promotion or fade.

In the early days of the film was initially very common the up or fade with an iris diaphragm. The image at the fade out of the picture the edge, becomes darker and narrows a circle on the screen towards the middle to the complete darkness of the film, at the fade-in the brightening begins vice versa as a point in the center of the image until until completely the displayed scene circular extended to the edges. It was common to create this transition when taking a photograph, the iris was there in front of the optics of the camera. With the development of film technology the up or stopping down these and other transitions no longer directly in the recording, but later during the copy process were incorporated into the film. In electronic interface such screens can now be produced by mixer or Composer at the digital assembly, a variety of transitions by software can be integrated into the film. The classic iris is now rarely used.

On - and fade are often used together and serve the development of the narrative structure of the film. Through them, both temporal and local transitions may be illustrated by putting turning points in the film and show the end or the beginning of a setting in space and time. But when artificial effects they interrupt the narrative flow and thereby can give a film an episodic character. This can increase the distance between audience and story.

By combining both techniques, traditionally associated with the rewinding of the film in the camera creates a crossfade.

Literature and other sources

  • Monaco, James: Film understand. Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, Reinbek. Revised and expanded edition 1995, ISBN 978-3-499-16514-6.
  • Rüdiger Steinmetz: learn to see films ( DVD ), chapter "Interface Assembly". Zweitausendeins, Frankfurt am Main 2003, ISBN 978-3-86150-637-9.
  • Moving
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