Dmitry Chechulin

Dmitri Nikolayevich Chechulin (Russian: Дмитрий Николаевич Чечулин, scientific transliteration Dmitri Nikolaevich Čečulin; * 9 Augustjul / August 22 1901greg in Schostka, now Ukraine, .. † October 29, 1981 in Moscow) was a Russian architect working in Moscow and there was created several famous buildings between the 1930s and 1970s.

Life

Chechulin graduated in 1929 from studying architecture at the Moscow Art School Vkhutein, where he studied at the well-known early Soviet architect Alexei Shchusev among others. In his early period he participated in the implementation of the developed among state and party leader Stalin Master Plan for the reconstruction of the capital. Among other things, he was entrusted in 1935 with the design of one of the first stations of the Moscow Metro, the Komsomolskaya under the square of the three stations. For this project Chechulin received the Stalin Prize in 1941. 1938, with the flat landscaped station Kievskaya, which represented also the first subway connecting the main traffic Kiev railway station, the second major project led Tschetschulins.

Thanks to the good response on the part of state power on its subway projects and its close relationships with leading architects of the early Soviet period Chechulin made ​​rapid career and was appointed in 1945 as chief architect of the city of Moscow. In this capacity he remained until 1949 and was instrumental in the development of one of the largest Soviet construction projects of the postwar period, the so-called Seven Sisters at this time. One of these seven skyscraper, the residential building on Kotelnicheskaya Embankment (built 1948-52 ), was designed by Chechulin. In addition Chechulin initiated in the late 1940s, among other large-scale works on the reconstruction of important arterial roads and design of inner-city parks.

After 1949 and until his death Chechulin led a workshop of urban planning organization Mosprojekt -1. His last major project was the 1979 completed government building on the Moskva River, which is commonly referred to as White House since the 1990s. Used Chechulin style elements of a in the 1930s, he designed, but never built administrative building of the Soviet state airline Aeroflot In its conception.

Works

In its architectural structure Chechulin was primarily inspired by the Russian classicism of the late 18th and early 19th century. In his earlier career time he was considered one of the pioneers of the so-called Socialist Classicism (also called gingerbread style ), while Tschetschulins late works are held in accordance with prevailing far more factual style of the 1960s and 1970s. The urban activity Tschetschulins is often criticized today as he tore down all the historic district for some of its major projects ( such as Sarjadje, an old district within Kitai -Gorod, for the construction of the hotel Rossiya in the 1960s ).

Early works (1935-1955)

• Komsomolskaya Metro Station (Line 1), Bahnsteighalle (1935 )
• Ryad metro station Ochotny, entrance vestibule (1935 )
• Kievskaya metro station (line 4), platform area ( 1937-38 )
• Dinamo Metro station, entrance vestibule (1938 )
• Residential building on Kotelnicheskaya Embankment ( 1948-52 )
• Tchaikovsky Concert Hall (1940, together with K.Orlow )
• Hotel Beijing (1946 )
• Several houses
• Several pavilions in the exhibition center of the achievements of the Soviet economy

Late works ( after 1955 )

• Hotel Rossiya (1967, demolished 2006)
• Library of Foreign Literature (1967, together with A.Sitnow )
• The White House ( 1965-79, together with Pawel Schteller )

Awards (selection)

• Stalin price first degree (1941 )
• People's Architect of the USSR ( 1971)
• Hero of Socialist Labor (1976 )
• Order of Lenin