Duchess Maria Antonia of Bavaria

Maria Antonia Walpurgis of Bavaria Symphorosa ( born July 18, 1724 in Munich, † April 23, 1780 in Dresden) was a princess of the house of Wittelsbach and by marriage to her cousin first degree wife of the Elector of Saxony. After his death it was up to the coming of age of her son Friedrich August guardianship regent. In addition, they went, unlike other princesses of her time, not only superficial of arts employment by, but acted successfully as a patron of the arts, composer, painter and poet.

Life

Maria Antonia was the daughter of the Bavarian Elector Karl Albrecht, the later Holy Roman Emperor Charles VII from his marriage to the Austrian Archduchess Maria Amalia. As the oldest, which is below the European princes coveted for a marriage couple's daughter, she was from the beginning of political importance and enjoyed a befitting education, which includes painting, poetry, as well as learning instruments belonged. On June 20, 1747 married in Dresden Saxony Elector Friedrich Christian, her cousin first degree with which they had to flee from the Prussians to Prague and Munich during the Seven Years' War in 1759 and the ten weeks after his accession as Elector at 17 December. 1763 died of smallpox. As the eldest son of the couple, the nunmehrige Elector Friedrich August III. was underage and could not perform independently the business of government, the mother took over along with her ​​brother Franz Xaver of Saxony as guardianship regent to 1768 the Electorate government. However, a rift between the two, it came in 1765, when Franz Xaver for his nephew the waiver of the rights to the Polish throne said, while Maria Antonia wanted to hold on to this prestigious claim.

Also, as a businesswoman, she worked: they put 1763 in Obernaundorf a calico and had since 1766 the Bavarian brewery in Dresden. She was a member of the Order of " slaves of virtue " in their religious habit she was buried. Towards the end of her life she wrote a treatise "On the attachment of the mind against the terrors of death."

She was buried in the Dresden Hofkirche.

Maria Antonia as an artist

Even her birth was the electoral couple with a performance of Pietro Torri opera Amadis de Grecia and celebrate during their youth in Munich, she was taught by the renowned opera composer Giovanni Battista Antonio Porpora Nicola and Ferrandini. After she had opera Le nozze d' Ercole e d' Ebe, Johann Adolf Hasse's opera La Spartana generosa heard at the wedding celebrations with Friedrich Christian pieces of Bibbiena, Christoph Willibald Gluck, led them to their time in Dresden with the help of the latter, as well as with Nicola Porpora her musical studies continued and was especially attracted to the style of opera seria connected. In addition, she appeared in numerous performances at court as a singer and harpsichordist. 1747 She was inducted into the Academy of the Arcadia in Rome, an institution for the reform of the opera and the pseudonym ETPA put ( Ermelinda Talea Pastor Ella Arcadia ) to.

In addition to many other artists and scientists, they also promoted the conductor Johann Gottlieb Naumann and the painters family Mengs.

Progeny

  • Son (* / † June 9, 1748 in Dresden, died after birth)
  • Friedrich August III. / I. ( Born December 23, 1750 in Dresden, † May 5, 1827 in Dresden), Elector and later King of Saxony 's chosen King of Poland and Duke of Warsaw
  • Karl ( * September 24, 1752 in Dresden, † September 8, 1781 in Dresden), Prince of Saxony
  • Joseph Maria (* January 26, 1754 in Dresden, † March 25, 1763 in Dresden), Prince of Saxony
  • Anton (* December 27, 1755 in Dresden, † June 6, 1836 in Pillnitz ), King of Saxony
  • Maria Amalie ( born September 26, 1757 in Dresden, † April 20, 1831 in Neuburg an der Donau), Princess of Saxony
  • Maximilian ( born April 13, 1759 in Dresden, † January 3, 1838 in Dresden), Hereditary Prince of Saxe
  • Therese Maria ( born February 27, 1761 Munich, † November 26, 1820 in Dresden), Princess of Saxony
  • Son (* / † 1762, stillborn )

Works

  • Operas: Il trionfo della Fedelta ( with the assistance of Hasse and Metastasio ), first performance in the summer of 1754 in Dresden, printed by Breitkopf in 1754
  • Talestri, Regina delle Amazzoni, premiere on February 6, 1760 or 1763 in Nymphenburg, print 1765
  • Text for the oratorio La conversione di S. Agostino by Hasse, 1750
  • Other texts for cantatas by Hasse, Manna and Ristori
  • Musical contributions to numerous arias, pastorals, interludes, meditations and motets
  • Correspondence with Frederick the Great
Frederick Christian, Elector of Saxony Prince Francis Xavier of Saxony Giovanni Battista Ferrandini Kapellmeister Anton Raphael Mengs Princess Carolina of Parma Giovanni Alberto Ristori Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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