Elizabeth Scott (mathematician)
Elizabeth Leonard Scott ( born November 23, 1917 in Fort Sill in Oklahoma, † 20 December 1988 in Berkeley ( California)) was an American statistician and astronomer.
Scott went to the University High School in Berkeley (California ) and went on to study astronomy at the University of California, Berkeley, where she received her doctorate in 1949 at Robert Julius Trumpler. Limited, since it could work as an astronomer at that time she worked partially for Jerzy Neyman in the statistics department, and her dissertation was devoted to half of Astronomy half the statistics. From 1951, she was in the Faculty of Mathematics, Berkeley, where she remained the rest of their career. Scott was there a close associate of Neyman and published a lot with him and also even especially to astronomy under statistical aspects, for example through galaxy clusters with application to the ability to distinguish between different cosmological theories to decide. Here the Scott effect is named after her, the observation that more distant clusters of galaxies in the central galaxies contain more and thus have a higher absolute brightness. Another area of research by Scott was the application of statistics in the field of meteorology, for example, in the current in the 1950s to 1970s question of the artificial production of rain, which accompanied several well-known large field experiments. In medicine, she dealt with skin cancer and its dependence on UV irradiation. As an expert in statistics, they also devoted himself to the task for the U.S. Association of University Teachers demonstrate inequalities in pay between men and women in the universities.
In 1981 she was made an honorary member of the Royal Statistical Society. 1970 to 1971 she was Vice President of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1981 to 1983 was Vice President of the International Statistical Institute and from 1977 to 1978 president of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics. 1983 to 1984 she was President of the Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability.
In her honor is awarded to statistics, since 1992, the Elizabeth L. Scott Award.