Elsbett

A Elsbett engine is a multi-fuel reciprocating engine which operates according to the diesel principle. The characteristic feature is the optimal combustion process in the piston chamber of the rotating combustion air with the injected fuel. The principle can be used depending on design and working methods of the motors. The motors can be operated without cooling systems.

The term Elsbett engine goes back to the name of its inventor Louis Elsbett.

History

The origins of the Elsbett motors are now in 1937 the Junkers aircraft works. The last developed by Ludwig Elsbett Diesel two -stroke opposed-piston engine is like the first developments in which he has worked. Already the Junkers Jumo 205 was working according to this principle, which led to high levels of efficiency in the Jumo 207.

In the years 1973 to 1978 the first mass-produced direct-injection diesel engines for passenger cars were put on the market, which anticipated the TDI engine technology. It inline three cylinder engines and six-cylinder V-engines were produced. A prototype of a 14 -cylinder swash plate motor according to the principle of the inclined plate machine was built but was never used.

For agriculture, the tractor was 1989 ' Eicher 3108 Elsbett ( 3026/ZF T3345 ) " presented with 130 hp at the Agritechnica. The starting point was a Eicher, three-cylinder engine EDL. With larger cylinders, a displacement of 3890 cc was achieved. The maximum torque was 430 Nm at 1500 min -1, a torque increase of 29 percent. The efficiency was 40 percent. The engine had an oil cooler. Since the agricultural machinery manufacturer Eicher ran into financial difficulties shortly afterwards, this tractor was unsuccessful. Some components of the Elsbett technologies are taken up recently by the tractor manufacturer Deutz-Fahr again.

The Elsbettmotor was predicted in the 1980s, a great future, since he had a fuel efficiency 20 to 25 percent over the former passenger car diesel engines. With the introduction of direct injection diesel engine in passenger cars, map-controlled stage or multiple injection and increased turbocharging with intercooling he could no longer play to its advantages.

The over conventional motors higher price can be considered as the reason for its limited distribution. The external patent situation may have played a role in many corporations.

Through the cooperation with the former drive and machine GmbH in Schönebeck there Elsbett engines were manufactured under license and developed special versions for stationary operation (CHP). Even the Junkers aircraft and engine plants have built in Beautiful Beck engines, and also the current developments (2008) Golle Motor AG socialize technically to the development of the Junkers aircraft engines to where Elsbett was involved.

Technology

Main feature of the Elsbett engines is the technical design of the engine in order to use the energy released during combustion energy of the fuel with a higher efficiency than conventional engines. These Elsbett engine was optimized in the following areas:

• Charge exchange
• Mixture formation
• Direct
• Thermal management

Characteristic of the Elsbett engine are the articulated piston with combustion chamber, the rotary rinsing and multifuel suitability, which was realized by a so-called "non wandverteilendes " injection method. The fuel is injected into this, a way into the compression chamber, the surrounding walls ( patent image cylinder head, wall and piston crown ) are not wetted ( comparison: average ball motor). Thus, a better thermal management is achieved, thus avoiding coking the engine. Therefore, almost all the diesel -like fuels, and vegetable oils, high viscosities may be used.

" Duothermische combustion " is used as a term to describe the effect of Elsbett engines. The duotherm method and double - duotherm method can be found in various publications. The aim of this application is the optimization of the combustion problem is described in the following articles:

• Joule cycle
• Seiliger cycle process
• Constant-volume process
• Diesel cycle

The declared in the foregoing Articles theories assume a uniform distribution of the combustion air Verhältnises in the combustion chamber ( cylinder) from. Not included are fuel losses due to suppression of the combustion chamber chamber surfaces. Priority are engines that are based on the diesel principle with a qualitative richness regulation - operated - with excess air. For diesel engines, an optimum ( λ = lambda) with a lean mixture ( excess air ), determined from 1.3 < λ <2.2. These values ​​are reached in the core of the combustion by the combustion duothermische, wherein the waste heat is used to heat the non-participating in the combustion gas of the outer jacket core. The proportion of nitrogen oxides ( NOx) is counteracted by using only the portions involved in the combustion gas to achieve the core temperature to form them (see NOxSynthese ). For this purpose, the feed channels of the combustion air are arranged so that these rotate in the combustion chamber. Because this approach the center of rotation of the gas, the rotational speed increases. The ignition of the combustion takes place in the core of the rotating combustion air. The rotation of the combustion air causes the heavier cold layers of the unburned air- gas envelop the core of explosive combustion. Injecting gas into the rotating mass in the semi-spherical piston combustion chamber due to a relatively slow, uniform combustion in comparison to regular gasoline and diesel engines. For the Elsbett engine no water cooling is required due to its design and the high efficiency, a small oil cooler is sufficient to dissipate the excess heat. The oil in the crankcase is injected for cooling purposes from below the piston / cylinder. Elsbett engines were built as reciprocating engines, with working procedures than two-stroke engines and four-stroke engines.

The emission behavior of Elsbett engines has been studied, among others, in a study on " vegetable oil -powered combined heat and power " by the Bavarian State Ministry for Regional Development and Environmental Affairs ( StMLU ).

Benefits

• By the absence of contact with the flame of the combustion chamber and the cylinder wall, only small heat losses through the walls, which makes the cooling thereof superfluous
• Good efficiency, but not much higher than in advanced direct injection
• Long life due to less stress on the motor and low speeds
• In principle, much material suitable
• Quieter running a diesel engine

Disadvantages

• Bad ground / performance ratio; powerful engines are thus very difficult
• Cold start problem
• Low speed dynamics

Demarcation

The technology of Elsbett engines refers to engines on the diesel principle. Highly volatile fuels that are described in the use of flexible-fuel vehicle technology, are excluded.

Patent information

• Overview of Elsbett patents
• Patent DE889959: Patent centrifugal compressor. Published on September 14, 1953 Inventor: Ludwig Elsbett.
• Patent DE1026574: internal combustion engine, for example, Two-stroke injection engine. Published on March 20, 1958 Inventor: Ludwig Elsbett.
• Patent DE1526321: Four -stroke reciprocating piston internal combustion engine. Published on July 9, 1970, Inventor: Ludwig Elsbett.
• Patent DE3343677: Reduction of heat and pollutant emissions from diesel engines. Published on June 13, 1985 Inventor: Ludwig Elsbett.