Emirate of Tbilisi

The Emirate of Tbilisi (Georgian თბილისის საამირო, Arabic إمارة تبليسي Imārāt Tiflisi ) consisted 736-1080 ( nominally to 1122 ) and included the present-day eastern Georgia. It was founded by the Arabs during their invasion of Georgia and was an important stronghold of the Muslim rule in the Caucasus. 1122 King Dawit IV broke the emirate and made Tbilisi his capital, which it remained until today.

History

The Arabs first appeared in the year 645 in Iberia. But you could only get the 735 most of the country under their control. In the year Marwan II Tbilisi took a and the adjacent country, and sat there a an Arab Emir. This emir was appointed by the Caliph in Baghdad or occasionally from Muslim Wali of Armenia. During the Arab rule was Tbilisi ( al - Tefelis ) to a trading center between the Islamic world and northern Europe. In addition, Tbilisi served as a key position of the Arabs and as a buffer zone against Byzantium and the Khazars. Over time, the majority of residents in Tbilisi Muslims was, but the Islamic influence was restricted only to the city, while the surrounding area was predominantly Christian. As subordinates of the emir of the emirs of Tbilisi Rustavi and Dmanisi were.

Tbilisi was a large city with a double city wall and three gates. It was on both sides of Kuraflusses and was connected via a pontoon bridge. The city had hot springs and houses that were built to the surprise of the Arabs of pine. In the first half of the 9th century Tbilisi was with his at least 50,000 inhabitants according to Derbent the largest city in the Caucasus.

After 807 the Erismtawari was deposed by Iberia, the Emir was the sole ruler of the country and the state Iberia ceased to exist. As the caliphate weakened after the destruction of Baghdad in the year 813, the secessionist tendencies increased among the Arab emirs in the distant provinces, Tao - Klardschetien that had split off under Ashot I. from the emirate, and Inner Kartli could conquer the death after Aschots but was recaptured. Under the Emir Is'hak am Ismail ( 833-853 ), the emirate was so strong that it was able to stand against the Bagratides and the Caliph, but again lost Inner Kartli at Tao Klardschetien. He refused to Baghdad the annual tribute and declared himself the Caliph independent. The Caliph al - Mutawakkil sent a punitive expedition under 853 Bugha al - Kabir al - Sharabi, also known as the Turk Bugha known to Tbilisi. This conquered Tbilisi, burned it down and beheaded the Emir Is'hak. The Caliphate built the city, not in its old grandeur and splendor again and Muslim prestige and authority declined in the region. End of the 9th century, Armenia was able to conquer the southern part of Lower Kart Liens from the emirate. After the Arab Emir Abul- Kasim was 908-914 pulled through Georgia, the emirate short time again controlled Inner Kartli until it lost to Egrisi - Abkhazia.

Beginning of the 1020s years began the Georgian kings an expansionist policy towards the emirs, so that Tbilisi repeatedly came under Georgian control. The emirate shrank down to Tbilisi and the surrounding area. But the Seljuk invasion in the 1080s and 1070er years in the Caucasus stopped the Georgian advance and drew the attention of Georgians from the emirate. The emirs were from 1080 replaced by older merchants and traders who took over the administration of the city and the Old Tbilisi ( Tbileli berebi ) were called. Dawit IV soon defeated the Seljuk and so sealed the fate of the emirate, then that 1122 was finally captured by the Georgians.

Gallery

The Emirate in 850

The Emirate towards the end of his existence in the year 1060

Emirs

Schuabidische emirs of Tbilisi

  • Ismail bin Schuab ( first known Emir, ruled until 813)
  • Mohammed bin Atab ( 813-829 )
  • Ali bin Schuab ( 829-833 )
  • Is'hak am Ismail bin Schuab ( 833-853 )

Schaybanidische emirs of Tbilisi

  • Mohammed bin Khalil ( 853-870 )
  • Isa bin al- Shaykh al- Schayban ( 870-876 )
  • Ibrahim ( 876-878 )
  • Gabuloc ( 878-880 )

Jaffaridische emirs of Tbilisi

  • Jaffar bin Ali I. ( 880-914 )
  • Mansur bin Jaffar ( 914-952 )
  • Jaffar II bin Mansur ( 952-981 )
  • Ali bin Jaffar (981-1032)
  • Jaffar III. bin Ali (1032-1046)
  • Mansur bin Jaffar (1046-1054)
  • Abu'l- Haija 'm Jaffar (1054-1062) (Last known Emir )
Arab people Caucasus Mountains Marwan II. Kura River Ashot I of Iberia Bagrationi dynasty Kingdom of Abkhazia History of Georgia (country)
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