Eranthis hyemalis
- For the historian, see Aloys Winterling.
- For the entrepreneur, see Hermann Winterling.
- For the writer, English studies and Romanists see Christian Martin Winterling.
Winterling ( Eranthis hyemalis )
The Winterling ( Eranthis hyemalis; Syn: Eranthis hiemalis L. ) is a plant of the genus winter aconite ( Eranthis Salisb. ) In the family of the buttercup family ( Ranunculaceae ). He is a spring-flowering plants, whose yellow dress is often seen at the end of February.
Scientifically the Winterling was first described in 1807 by the English botanist Richard Anthony Salisbury.
Description
The Winterling is a perennial, herbaceous plant. It forms from an in- ground tuber as Überdauerungsorgan and is therefore considered one of the Knollengeophyten. The shiny yellow, about 2.5 cm in diameter, large flowers are at the end of a thick stem. The flower petals are usually contains six and many stamens. Between petals and stamens are bag -shaped nectar leaves. Under the flower is a whorl of three horizontal bracts, which are divided palmate. The basal leaf is also stalked palmately and long, but does not appear until after flowering.
Occurrence and distribution
The original home of Winterling ranged from Southeast France via Italy and Hungary to Bulgaria and Turkey, where the Winterling now grows mainly in moist deciduous forests and in thickets and vineyards.
The use of Winterling's as an ornamental plant in the garden began in the second half of the 16th century. From herbals you know that he was already cultivated in 1588 by Joachim Camerarius in his garden in Nuremberg. Camerarius had brought this plant from a trip to Italy. In the first three decades of the 17th century, the Winterling was listed in the directories of various vegetable gardens. Popular was the plant, as came into vogue in the late 18th century spacious landscaped grounds. The Winterling was well suited for transplanting in extensive meadows. The ornamental plant from feral parks, in climatically favored areas, they spread out strong. So the Winterling was settled, for example, in Rautal near Jena.
Numerous offered commercially Winterlinge come from Turkey. They are there mostly not taken into culture, but collected in wild stocks. The export was limited to six million bulbs per year to protect wild stocks.
Importance of bees
The Winterling provides one of the first plants in nectar and pollen. If the temperature on sunny winter days to 10 to 12 ° C, so there you can watch the first bee approaches.
Ingredients
The Winterling is highly toxic. In particular, the tubers contain cardiac glycosides and Eranthin A and Eranthin B.Außerdem are chromone derivatives in the form of glycosides, for example Khellinin, available. Bufadienoliden other hand, could not be proven. After oral ingestion poisoning symptoms such as breathlessness, vomiting, nausea, colic, decreased vision, irregular, and slow pulse may occur. Death can occur due to cardiac arrest.
More Photos
Winter aconite in Florence
Winterling, half- open flowers
Winterling ( Eranthis hyemalis ) - inflorescence
Winterling (E. hyemalis ), mature seeds Stand