Ethyl nitrite

Salpetrigsäureethylester

Colorless to yellowish gas or liquid

Gaseous

0.9062 g · cm -3 ( liquid at 8.8 ° C)

-50 ° C

17 ° C

Very slightly soluble in water

1.3418 (10 ° C, 589 nm )

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Ethyl nitrite, the nitrite of ethanol at room temperature (20 ° C) is a colorless, highly flammable and poisonous gas.

Representation

Ethyl nitrite is formed when exposure to cold dilute sulfuric acid to a water-ethanol solution of sodium nitrite.

Ethyl nitrite can also be prepared by reaction of silver nitrite with ethyl iodide.

Properties

Physical Properties

With a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of 17 ° C ethyl nitrite is a colorless to yellowish liquid with ethereal odor, even at room temperature a colorless gas at normal temperature. The compound has a melting point of -50 ° C. The vapor pressure function is obtained after August according to log ( P) = A / T B (P in Torr T in K) where A = 1340 and B = 7.50 in the temperature range of 255 K to 280 K. From the vapor pressure function can molar enthalpy of vaporization of a 27.84 kJ · mol -1 derived.

Ethyl nitrite is like other alkyl nitrites present as a mixture of the anti and syn conformers. The enthalpy of transition between the two conformers is 1.477 kJ · mol -1.

Safety characteristics

Ethyl nitrite forms flammable vapor - air mixtures. The compound has a flash point of -35 ° C. The explosion range is between 3.0 vol % (90 g/m3) as the lower explosive limit ( LEL) and 50 vol % ( 1555 g/m3 ) and upper explosive limit (UEL ). The maximum explosion pressure is 11.6 bar. The marginal gap width was determined to be 0.96 mm. The result is thus a mapping in the explosion group IIA. The ignition temperature is 90 ° C. The fabric falls within the temperature class T6.

Use

Ethyl nitrite is the most important ingredient in Witdulsies, a traditional -based ethanol South African remedy for colds and flu, which was sold in pharmacies. However, the FDA has the resources already in 1980 in the U.S., marketed as Sweet nitrite or Salpetergeist prohibited.