FED (camera)

The FED Labour Commune (FED; Russian: Trudkommuna imeni FE Dserschinskowo ) is a Ukrainian camera factory in Kharkov, which is after Felix Dzerzhinsky ( 1877-1926 ), the founder of the Soviet secret Cheka named.

Models

  • FED 1 ( Fedka ) ( 1934-1955 )
  • FED S (1938-1941)
  • FED V ( from 1938)
  • FED 2 (1955-1970)
  • ZARYA (1958-1959)
  • FED 3 (1961-1980)
  • FED 4 (1964-1976)
  • FED 5 (1977-1990)

Stereo cameras (1988-1996)

  • FED stereo
  • FED Stereo M
  • FED B -O -Y stereo

Current models on the market:

  • FED 5B
  • FED 5C

History and Development

FED was founded in 1927 by the pedagogue Anton Makarenko. The municipality initially around 150 orphans were educated according to the Marxist system of polytechnic education. They worked in two four- hour shifts; One was intellectual classes, the other in physical labor. Were first produced furniture and other goods for their own use; 1929 FED was autonomous, from 1930, the standard of education was raised to High School level and set up a factory.

In this factory FED began by her only drills and from the middle of 1932 Leica copies; these were initially replicas of the 1925 featured Leica I ( 1932-1933 ) and the Leica II (1934 to the 1950s ). In 1934 the so-called Fedkas were made ​​about 4000; total production of the Soviet replicas significantly exceeds what Leica has made ​​throughout the company's history. 1934 also started two more factories that WOOMP experimental factory ( VOOMP Opytny Zavod ) and the Geodesija Zavod in Moscow, with the production of Leica copies.

From 1938, four interchangeable lenses were produced in Elmar - construction; 1937 has started with the development of a replica of the Leica IIIa, but only around 40 prototypes were made ​​of this FED -B. Instead, an independent development was accelerated: in 1938, presented FED -S already had a maximum shutter speed of 1/1000 second and a lens with an aperture of 1:2.0.

In 1939, the FED factory was renamed FE Dzerzhinsky Combine and celebrated the production of the 100,000 th Fedka; before the war, some 500,000 cameras were manufactured in the Soviet Union.

After the war, the production before the war was resumed; as a first improvement, the FED -2 was introduced in 1955 with the self-timer, interchangeable back panel and various other improvements.

A well-known Leica and Fedka photographer was Alexander Mikhailovich Rodchenko ( 1891-1956 ).

Marxism Alexander Rodchenko
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