Fort Garry

Fort Garry, formerly Upper Fort Garry, originally Fort Gibraltar, is a city district of Winnipeg, the capital of the Canadian province of Manitoba. Fort Garry was first a trading post of the North West Company ( NWC ) in 1821 merged with the Hudson 's Bay Company ( HBC), and in 1870 the capital of the newly founded with the Manitoba Act Manitoba. In 1874 it became part of the new city of Winnipeg. The name Upper Fort Garry served until then to distinguish it from Lower Fort Garry.

History

Fort Garry was built in 1809 by the NWC as a trading post under the name of Fort Gibraltar, at the confluence of the Assiniboine and the Red River ( The Forks ). In 1816 it was destroyed in Pemmican War and rebuilt in 1817. Following the merger of the NWC and HBC in 1821 it was in 1822, renamed as the vice - governor of the HBC, Nicholas Garry Fort Garry.

Fort Garry served as the center of fur trade within the Red River District, but was destroyed already in 1826 by a flood. As a replacement 1831 Lower Fort Garry was built in safe location 30 km downstream. However, the new Fort proved unsuitable because of its location for managing the most part at The Forks concentrated settlements. Consequently Fort Garry was rebuilt in 1836, was called to distinguish in the following Upper Fort Garry and was the seat of the Council of Assiniboia.

1869 acquired the Canadian Dominion, the forerunner of today's Canada, the territories of the HBC. Surveyors were sent to the Red River District, to prepare land grants to settlers. The mainly settled there and Métis, other populations were at their legal status, especially their land rights, worried, and it came to the Red River Rebellion led by Louis Riel.

In the course of Fort Garry was occupied in winter 1869/1870 Riel's rebels and the seat of the Provisional Government of Manitoba under John Bruce. The newly appointed Governor of the Canadian Dominion William McDougall were denied access. With the Manitoba Act in 1870 many of the requirements of the Provisional Government were recognized, their protagonists but were expelled by the Red River expedition under Garnet Joseph Wolseley in the same year from Fort Garry and never recognized.

Fort Garry was the Manitoba Act provincial capital and administrative center of the Northwest Territories, so the endless areas of the HBC, which were not part of Manitoba. From the Northwest Territories, the provinces and territories, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Yukon and Nunavut, as well as extensions of Manitoba were cleaved in the following decades. Today the remaining areas of the Northwest Territories Yellowknife are managed.

1874 Fort Garry was with the surrounding settlements officially became a city, and this was called henceforth Winnipeg. The actual fort was largely destroyed in the 1880s to create the new center of Winnipeg Square. Today only the former entrance gate.