Friedrich Stohmann

Friedrich Stohmann ( born April 25, 1832 in Bremen, † November 1, 1897 in Leipzig ) was a German agricultural chemist.

Life and work

Stohmann, only son of an owner of a chemical factory near Oeynhausen should take this factory, according to the wishes of the father. Since he was interested in a comprehensive scientific education, he moved in 1851, the University of Göttingen, where he joined the fraternity Hannovera. The study of chemistry at Friedrich Wöhler he graduated in 1853. He then continued his studies in London and earned numerous trips a comprehensive knowledge of chemical technology. In 1857 he earned his doctorate at the University of Göttingen with a dissertation on the properties and the chemical composition of East Frisian floors. In the same year he became a member of the Agrikulturchemikers Wilhelm Henneberg, who moved in the summer of 1857 the 1851 built in Celle laboratory of the "Royal Hanoverian farmer stem Society " to Göttingen and incorporated it into the newly established Agricultural Experiment Station Weende. Here in Weende Stohmann worked together with Wilhelm Henneberg within a few years the foundations of modern animal nutrition. Only through the introduction of the concept of digestible nutrients and their determination on animals, including by fixing a uniform analytical methodology in the later world-famous Weender analysis ( Weender methods), he determined the development direction of the animal nutrition up to the present time. His 1860 and 1864 published articles in support of rational feeding of ruminants are now considered " classic works " of scientific agricultural literature.

1862 followed Stohmann a call to Brunswick and established an agricultural experiment station. The results of numerous field trials of new fertilizers, which he carried out here, he has published in the " Narrative of the Association of Agriculture and Forestry husbandry in the duchy of Braunschweig ". In 1865, he accepted an appointment as professor of agricultural chemistry at the University of Halle / S., where he simultaneously took on the establishment and management of the installed Salzmünde to Halle Agricultural Experiment Station. Here he worked on fertilization experiments and the analysis of fertilizers, but also carried out experiments on the use of feed materials in farm animals.

One last job change took place Stohmann in 1871. He was appointed professor at the University of Leipzig and founded an agriculturally - physiological institute, which he ran successfully for almost 25 years. The focus of his scientific activity was henceforth in the field of animal metabolism. Especially with its calorimetric studies of nutrients and foods he acquired high reputation in the scientific world. Stohmann is the author of several technological manuals, including on sugar and starch production. His extensive body of work on milk and dairy products, appeared only a few months after his death.

Stohmann was an honorary member of numerous agricultural societies. The University appointed him in 1887 as honorary Doctor of Medicine, in recognition of " the outstanding services he serving around the physiology, the foundation of the medical art, by the extremely precise and careful investigations on the energy budget of the individual for the animals and plants has acquired substances ". In 1891 he became a full member of the Mathematics and physical class of the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. The Board of Trustees of the Liebig Foundation at the Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences in Munich in 1896 awarded him the Golden Liebig Medal, at the time the highest award in the field of agriculture science.

Major works

• Contributions to the creation of a rational feeding of ruminants. Practically - landwirthschaftliche and physiological studies ( with Wilhelm Henneberg ). Issue 1 and 2, Brunswick 1860 and 1864.
• Handbook of Industrial Chemistry ( with Carl Engler ). E. E. Free action (E. Koch), Stuttgart 1872 and 1874.
• Liebig's relationship to agriculture. Privately printed (1873 ). Zugl. In: Journal of practical chemistry NF, Vol 8, 1873, pp. 458-476.
• Biological Studies. Work of agricultur - chemical experimental station hall book 1 Braunschweig 1873.
• Stohmanns manual sugar manufacture. Verlag Paul Parey Berlin 1878; 2nd edition 1885; 3rd edition, 1893; 4th Edition Edit. A. Rümpler 1899; Edit 5th ed. by Alfred Schander, P. Parey Verlag, 1912, Reprint Nabu Press 2010, ISBN 9781143439858
• The strength of fabrication. Verlag Paul Parey Berlin 1878.
• Encyklopädisches Handbook of technical chemistry. On the basis of James Sheridan Muspratt 's "Dictionary of Chemistry". 2 vols, published by C. A. Schwetschke & Sohn Braunschweig 1854-1858. - 4 verb. and presumably edition Revised: Bruno guy and Friedrich Stohmann, Vol 1-6, Brunswick from 1888 to 1896; continued by Hans Colorful vol 7-12, 1898-1922.
• The milk and dairy products. A handbook for technicians milk and food chemists. Verlag Vieweg Braunschweig 1898.
• About the heat value of the constituents of foods. International Journal of Biology, 13, pp. 364-391, 1894.