Gao-Saney

16.250833333333 - 0.0030555555555556Koordinaten: 16 ° 15 'N, 0 ° 0' W

Gao - Saney is the North African traders city of Gao on the eastern Niger knee in Mali. It is located four kilometers east of the royal city of Gao.

Owes its fame Gao - Saney the fact that here in 1939, the grave steles were discovered by kings. The dated inscriptions of this stele from Almeria in southern Spain attest to the existence of a Muslim dynasty 11./Anfang end of the 12th century AD, the first three rulers bore the names of the Prophet and the first two caliphs.

According to recent research, are the kings of the steles of Gao - Saney that Zaghe, identical to the Za of the chronicles of Timbuktu. The inscriptions of the most important steles contain the name of the Prophet Muhammad and those of his two successors. Only the third king inscription also provides a local name, thus enabling the identification of the Zaghe with the kings of Za, thus opening a new, yet to be written chapters in the history of the Songhay:

Due to the identity of Yama b. Kima (aka Umar b. Al -Khattab ), the third king of the steles of Gao - Saney, with Yama- Kitsi, the 18th ruler of the Songhay king list of 1665 written in Timbuktu Ta'rikh al - Fattash, the kings can the steles of Gao - Saney be equated with the kings of Za. The accuracy of this identification is confirmed by an indication of Ta'rikh al - Sudan of 1655, the second chronicle of Tombuktu, which bears the name Biyu Ki Kima at the 18th place of the king list of Za. The equation of a king of the steles of Gao - Saney with a king Za allows for the first time to put the dynasty history of the Gao Empire on a source-critical sound basis ..

Bibliography

  • John Hunwick, " Gao and the Almoravids: a hypothesis", in B. Swartz and R. Dumett (eds. ), West African Culture Dynamics, The Hague, 413-430.
  • Timothy Insoll: Islam, Archaeology and History: Gao Region (Mali ) ca AD 900-1250, Oxford 1996.
  • Dierk Lange: " Les rois de Gao - Sane et les Almoravides ", Journal of African History 32 (1991 ), 251-275.
  • -: Ancient Kingdoms of West Africa, Dettelbach 2004 ( here p 495-544 ).
  • - " Review of P. Moraes Farias, Medieval Inscriptions (2003 )" ( PDF; 252 kB ), Africa and overseas, 87 (2004), 302-5
  • Paolo de Moraes Farias: Arabic Medieval Inscriptions from the Republic of Mali, Oxford 2003 ( for the three kings see pp. 3, 7-8, 15).
  • Jean Sauvaget: " Les épitaphes royales de Gao ," Bulletin de l' IFAN, Series B, 12, 1950, 418-440.
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