Garbage truck

A garbage truck ( garbage truck also ) is a motor vehicle that is used in the garbage collection to collect waste from residential and commercial or industrial enterprises and transport it to a transfer station or sorting or treatment plant.

For this purpose, the garbage truck on the chassis of a truck has a structure which consists of a device for loading, the so-called bulk, and a cargo hold. For better utilization of the loading space of the waste is usually compacted in the garbage truck.

Survey

With garbage trucks of different types will be picked up and transported by waste and recyclables. These vehicles will be equipped with appropriate discharge and charging devices that are aligned with the one on the container collection and the collection of loose waste, bulky waste in particular to another, and from recycling sacks and bundles. The container removal is at the household and commercial waste in use, the containers are colloquially referred to as rubbish bins or trash cans. These times technically as large refuse containers (MGB ) designated containers are available in sizes 60-360 liters in 2-wheel design ( for easier handling ) and 660 to 1100 liter 4-wheel version in use as a rolling container.

To empty a container with its discharge receptacle (comb bar, pin, DU- recording) is placed on the lift the garbage truck. The emptying of the container is mechanically completed with hydraulic lifting and tilting. The classic shape of a refuse vehicle is the rear loader, which is loaded and operated by one or more refuse collectors. In order to save (personnel ) costs charging systems have been developed and in use that may be operated by the driver alone: Front ( with overhead discharge for large volume containers), side-loading and front - side loader ( for small volume containers).

For the loose collection of bulky waste and recyclables beds are used, which have a deep collection tray, which will be filled by hand. The waste is conveyed with a hydraulically operated press plate from the tub in the cargo area and compacted.

For the compaction of the waste rotary drum ( Rotopress ) and pressure plate systems in use.

Krupp in Essen built the first one garbage trucks. The obliquely running auger the needs of a larger transport volumes and low loading sill could be united.

Vehicle types

Refuse collection vehicles with rear loader

Garbage trucks as a rear loader with Rotopress system consisting of a large rotating drum (up to 15 revolutions per minute), which is usually covered with a characteristic ribbed, rounded top construction for noise reduction. Sometimes the wrapping is removed for weight reduction, so that the drum is exposed to view. The filled in the bulk waste is transported to the rotating drum through helical web plates on the wall ( " auger " ) in the interior, while slightly crushed. A stationary counter-rotating screw press on the tailgate compacted in addition to waste when the drum is filled further. To empty the vehicle, the tailgate is opened and connected to the drum reverse rotation: The collection drum is similarly emptied a concrete mixer.

The advantage of this system is the low number of mechanical and hydraulic parts and the low depth of the tailgate and the continuous operation. The disadvantage is the lack of further compression and the noise that results from rotating waste.

Rotopress vehicles are preferably used in an urban environment where priority ready garbage cans and small containers for collection. Here are conversions of collection vehicles not required, so this collection vehicles can be with their low maintenance cost used for large vehicle fleets.

Press plate systems

Refuse collection vehicles with compression plate system use a feeding pressure plate and a movable plate counter in the press room of the collection vehicle. The waste is placed in the trough of the bed and then pushed from the first pressing plate inward and upward into the body of the vehicle, thereby significantly compressed. The movable counter plate inside the structure builds on the necessary back pressure. With increasing of the vehicle filling the backplate is piecewise hydraulically shifted towards the cab to free up more memory space. To empty the vehicle, the bed is completely lifted up, so that the backplate can eject the collected waste. The advantage of this system is the considerable compaction of the waste as well as the versatility of the vehicle. Disadvantages are the high-maintenance and loud high-pressure hydraulic system and the high depth of the bed.

Press plate systems are preferably used in a rural location and for the collection of larger containers as well as for bulk waste such as bulky waste and recyclables collections ( yellow bag ). The different beds can be converted in a few hours.

Other systems

Crimping head - vehicles in which the compression of the filled waste is carried out by a oscillating back and forth pressing head, are now used only rarely.

Rarely system vehicles are used, the structure mainly consists of a deductible, closed container and separate bed. The advantage of this system is the possible separation between the collection of the waste in the households through a specialized press vehicle and the further transport to a treatment site. This transport can be assumed cost of any container vans and provide transport over longer distances cost advantages. Disadvantages are the high purchase price of the overall system and the lower loading volume of the container.

The containers are unloaded at how hookloaders by tilting, which in heavily grouted content, difficulties can arise herauszubefördern the material solely by gravity. In these collection systems, automated systems are primarily used: The pile by a weight sensor detects the attachment of a garbage can. This is then automatically lifted, tilted, nachgerüttelt and set down again. Thus, the vehicle can also be filled by a garbage collector alone effectively. Further equipment on these vehicles clean the garbage cans in addition after emptying with injected under high pressure water.

Refuse collection vehicles with front loader

Refuse collection vehicles with front loader system are used primarily in the commercial waste collection for large-volume container. The containers are picked up by the driver with the front loader, hoisted over the cab and behind it emptied into a bed. The basic scheme is similar to the manufacturers, but differs in the storage of the recording device. The vehicles manufactured by HN Schörling the so-called mast is placed on the roof while driving; for the vehicles manufactured by healing it is below, and where the company Faun found above the windshield. The structure is available in different sizes for the different chassis ( 3 - or 4 -axle ) offered.

The dumpsters have a size from 0.7 to 15 cubic meters, so that when emptying total weight of up to 3.5 tonnes are lifted above the cab. The loading space is usually equipped with a pressing disk system to which the charged refuse is compacted added. To unload the tailgate opens upward and pushed with the press of the waste to the rear of the vehicle. To secure the load are located on the roof of two lid or sliding type window shade that opens by tilting the container and then closes again.

The vehicles can be equipped with weighing systems that either make a weighing of the total weight of the emerging waste or by weighing the individual containers, so that a weight- whatever the customer is possible. The higher technical complexity of these vehicles with their electronic components and the digital controls make more effort for the maintenance and care required.

Garbage trucks with side loaders and front- loaders page

For emptying of smaller trash cans (MGB to 360 liters ) garbage trucks have been developed with side loader, where the driver usually sits right in order to control the spread of the garbage cans better. The containers are emptied by page loader over a short distance into the bed higher ground. For emptying the waste container, excluding the driver, no other employees more is necessary, however, the container must be deployed and retrieved by the customer.

For front - side-loading systems, the loading arm reaches up to 3 feet in front of the cab. Also, this charging system is operated only by the driver. With this system it is possible to empty a plurality of smaller containers into a discharge.