Gârbova
Garbova (deprecated Gîrbova; Urwegen German, Hungarian Szászorbó ) is a town in Alba county in Transylvania, Romania.
The place Garbova was also under the names: Orbo ( 1309), Orbow ( 1330), Wrbegen ( 1496 ), Urbogen ( 1500), Urbeygen (1568), Urbigen (1603 ), Uhrbegen ( 1696, on a chalice of the parish ) Gerbova (1733, first Romanian name), Szász Orbó (1760, first Hungarian naming ) and 1854 with Gîrbova - Urwegen - Szász Orbó (in the three languages of Transylvania ), mentioned.
Geographical location
The community is located between the foothills of the mountains Muhlbacher ( Munţii Sureanu ) and the Cibin Mountains ( Munţii cindrel ) in the sub- trees, which in the extreme southeastern part of the Alba County. The place is located on the eponymous river Garbova and the National Road ( Drum National) DN 106F, 6 kilometers from the European Route 68 ( between Sebes and Sibiu ) away. The nearest major city Miercurea Sibiului ( Sibiu county ), there are 11 km; the county capital Alba Iulia is located approximately 39 kilometers north-west.
History
Various archaeological finds show that the area has been inhabited for a long time (starting from the Neolithic period ).
The site was originally inhabited by the Saxons. He was first mentioned in records in 1291 under the name Wrbow.
In the Middle Ages the town was owned by the White Burger cathedral chapter after a free chair Saxon church on crown land. In 1500 was Urwegen the second largest municipality in the Reußmarkter chair, one of the Seven chairs in Transylvania.
Based on local specialization in viticulture phylloxera infestation of 1898 Garbova hit particularly hard. Many inhabitants emigrated to the USA in retrospect.
In 1968, the town that was aligned by then administratively more towards Miercurea Sibiului ( Reußmarkt ), the Alba County connected to which it belongs today. Far beyond the borders of Alba County, the town is today for its wine (see: Viticulture in Romania) and known Cognac.
Population
The population of the municipality is as follows:
While the town itself and in the eingemeindeten village Reciu ( Rätsch ) since the censuses from 1850 to 1977 about half of the residents were Saxons, ( Keppel Bach) lived in the village Carpinis almost exclusively Romanians.
The highest population ( 3,892 ) of the present-day municipality was established in 1941 determined that the Romanians ( 2,335 ) in 1930, the Germans ( 1,407 ) in 1941, the Magyars (13 ) 1910 and the Roma ( 347 ) 1956. In 1956, a Serb, was 1890/1900 per a Croat registered.
During World War II fell from 116 men who had marched to the German Wehrmacht, 36 Saxony on various fronts. In January 1945 106 women and 68 men were deported for forced labor in the Soviet Union and most only released after 5 years. In the labor camps 9 women and 11 men died.
Attractions
- The Graefe castle, built in the late 13th century. The current bell tower was residential tower and the keep was, in the meantime as a schoolhouse and parsonage; later it was used exclusively for the storage of the bacon. He is a listed building.
- The Evangelical Lutheran Church in the town center ( constructed in 1500 ) is a Gothic hall church with frescoes in the choir. 1879 a new bell tower (60 m) was built with a clock tower.
- The mountain church, built in 1280 and rebuilt in the 15th century to defend the Church, after a fire in 1870 the ruins of a Roman Basilica (roof and side aisles of the church were demolished in 1872 ). A plaque commemorates the announcement of the "Bride of Urwegen ". It is a listed building.
- The Old Castle ( Cetatea Urieşilor ) - a medieval Vorhöhenburg, built in the 14th century - is a ruin, about 2 kilometers south of the village Garbova and is a listed building.
- The Romanian Orthodox Church
Gallery
View the Church of Garbova
Mountain Church Garbova
Mountain Church Garbova
Entrance to Garbova