Genrōin

The designated Genrōin (Japanese元老院, literally Elders as a translation of the Senate ), also known as Japanese State Council or Senate, replaced by the Conference of 1875, the Osaka Chamber on the left (左 院, Sain ). He was in the early Meiji period in Japan as an advisory body for legislative and administrative matters.

The movement for freedom and civil rights and liberals within the Meiji oligarchy had to introduce themselves after initial experiments, representative democracy and a National Assembly, withdrawn from the Meiji government. The conference in Osaka trying to solve with the convening of the Genrōin that matter. The members of this body were not elected but formally convened by Tennō, and recruited mainly from the ranks of nobility ( Kazoku ), high officials and scholars. The Genrōin was only quasi- legislative, because although it had the right to review draft laws and make suggestions, but could not introduce their own bills.

In 1876, the Genrōin was tasked with drafting a constitution, the draft of which was submitted in 1880, but was rejected by the liberal statesmen Itō Hirobumi Iwakura Tomomi and as.

With the entry into force of the Meiji Constitution 1890 Genrōin was dissolved and a bicameral parliament with full legislative privileges Kokkai introduced. The new Parliament consisting of the House of Commons ( Shūgiin ) and upper house ( Kizokuin, 1947 Sangiin ). The House of Lords was until 1947 as the Genrōin a needle assembly.

From function as an advisory body established in 1888 is the forth Sūmitsu - in to see the most likely to succeed the Genrōin.

Related to the concept Genrōin is the name genro for statesmen (literally, the " elders ") of the Meiji period. However, the terms are not identical: Although included many of the genro Genrōin to, but not all members of the Genrōin also attributed the genro.

Swell

  • Junji Banno: The Establishment of the Japanese Constitutional System. Routledge, 1992 ( Original title: Meiji Kempo taisei no kakuritsu, translated by JAA Stockwin ), ISBN 0-415-00497-7.
  • Richard Brunton: Building Japan 1868-1876. RoutledgeCurzon, 1995, ISBN 1-873410-05-0.
  • Ian Buruma: Inventing Japan: 1853-1964. Modern Library, 2004, ISBN 0-81297-286-4.
  • Janet Hunter: Concise Dictionary of Modern Japanese History. Kodansha International, 1984, ISBN 4-7700-1193-8.
  • Richard Sims: Japanese Political History Since the Meiji Renovation 1868-2000. Palgrave Macmillan, 2001, ISBN 0-312-23915-7.
  • Historical Parliament
  • Parliament (Asia)
  • Policy ( Japan)
  • Meiji period
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