Geography of Qatar
The geography of Qatar is the description of the physical characteristics of the territory of Qatar as well as the caused by this interaction between this habitat and its inhabitants.
Territory
Qatar is a peninsula located in the northeast of the Arabian Peninsula and extends into the Persian Gulf. The territory is located approximately between 24 ° 32 'and 26 ° 10' north latitude and 50 ° 45 'and 51 ° 40' east longitude. The land border to the south with Saudi Arabia is about 60 km long. There are maritime borders with Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates and Iran.
Qatar has a land area of 11,437 km ².
A dispute with Bahrain over the Hawar Islands and the membership of some other islands and dried up surveys in the sea off the coast of Qatar and the city of al- Zubarah on the mainland was settled by a decision of the International Court of Justice on 16 March 2001. Then include the area around the city that Dschanan Island ( 25 ° 33 ' N, 50 ° 44' O25.55805555555650.735 ) and the low-tide elevation Fascht ad DIBAL (26 ° 16 ' N, 50 ° 57' O26.26638888888950.954444444444 ) in the northwest to Qatar.
The sea and land borders with Saudi Arabia agreed on 4 December 1965. Nevertheless, there was a dispute with Saudi Arabia over the borders of the country, but he could be released in 2001. 2008 a further dispute over border demarcation at sea ( Khawr al Udayd ) was dissolved.
The sea border with the United Arab Emirates, was established on 20 March 1969, shortly before the independence of Qatar in 1971. Since that time were already known several oil fields in the Persian Gulf, it was decided to promote the cross-border oil deposits al - Bunduq together. Following this, a border agreement was reached on 20 September 1969, with Iran.
Topographical Description
The country is largely a nearly vegetation-free limestone desert, while only 28,000 ha or 2.5 % of the land can be used for agriculture. There is no existing water all year, although the occasional rain in winter can lead to a local flowering of desert landscape. Groundwater exists only in the northern half of the country from freshwater, while there is in the southern half from brackish water.
On the coast, many Sabchas can be found. This temporarily water-filled shallow basin with no surface runoff have a more or less thick salt crust due to the high evaporation rate of water.
There are remains of mangrove forests in a few places on the coast.
The highest elevation Qurayn Abu al Bawl at Qatar can be found at 102 m at the position ( 24 ° 43 '7 "N, 51 ° 2' 51" O24.71861111111151.0475 ).
Khor al - Udaid
Khor al - Udaid, and Khor al - Adaid or Inland Sea, is a large bay on the border with Saudi Arabia. The bay consists of a at the narrowest point approximately 600 m wide strait that leads to an approximately 10 km long and 5 km wide is located in the interior of the country lake. On the northern edge of then is still a flat, about 15 km wide and 7 km long, flooded land area.
The bay is surrounded by up to 70 meters high dunes, desert foothills of the Rub al Khali.
Duchan region
The region in the southwest is a generated by convolution bulge ( anticline ). There are extensive oil and gas exploration.
UNESCO Biosphere Reserve ar - Rim
The UNESCO biosphere reserve ar - Rim Island ( 25 ° 45 '0 "N, 51 ° 0' 0" O25.7551 ) on the west coast of Qatar has an area of 118 888 ha, of which 46 555 ha and 36 931 ha of land lying in the sea. There live among other gazelles and oryx.