Goodeniaceae

Scaevola chamissoniana

Goodeniengewächse or pen cup plants ( Goodeniaceae ) are a family of plants in the order of the aster -like ( Asterales ). Most species are native to Australia. Best known is the bedding and balcony plant Blue fan flower ( Scaevola aemula ).

• 4.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaves

They are mostly evergreen, annual or perennial herbaceous plants, rarely subshrubs, shrubs or small trees. They grow independently erect or rarely climbing. Only a few species have spines.

They often possess bushes of shaggy hairs ( trichomes ) on their leaf axils. The usually alternate, rarely opposite or whorled arranged leaves are often sessile. The simple leaf blades have smooth, lobed, serrated or toothed leaf margins. Stipules always missing.

Inflorescences, flowers and pollination mechanism

The flowers appear singly in the leaf axils or several to many in zymösen, racemose, schirmtraubigen, aged men, capitate ( Brunonia australis) or scheindoldigen inflorescences.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic or rarely almost radial symmetry and usually fünfzählig double perianth. The usually five, rarely three usually relatively small sepals are free or fused. The colors of the petals range from white to yellow and pink - mauve over to brownish- red, and blue. The five petals are fused at their base. The corolla tube opens, except for Scaevola and Selliera, on the flower base. The crown is more or less double lip or single lip (such as Scaevola ). The five Kronlappen are incised two-piece or often tridentate. Often " ears " of the petals surround the stamens.

It's just a circle with five free or fused stamens present and able to grow with the base of the petals. The opening with a longitudinal slot anthers are free or fused to the stylus around. The pollen falls into the dust bag tube before the pen grows up. Two carpels are a mostly under - taking to semi- permanent or permanent rarely above ( Velleia ), more or less two-compartment, single chamber apparently, or rarely vierkammerigen ( Scaevola porocarya ) fused ovary. The ovary contains one to several ovules in anatrope central angle constant or basal placentation.

There is secondary pollen presentation held in a cup pollen, the pollen of obligate proterandrischen flowers is unloaded before the opening of the flower pollen in the cup. The stylus slides with a cup-shaped membrane below the stigma the pollen from the pollen cup out before it comes to female flowering stage with the opening of the small scar. Pollination is by insects that get transmitted by the stylus from the pollen - "brush off ".

Fruit and seeds

The fruits often have a tough calyx; there are usually fruit capsules ( for example Goodenia ), rare stone fruits (such as Scaevola ), or small nut fruits. The mostly flat seeds winged or wingless can be. The seeds contain a lot of endosperm and a straight embryo.

Systematics and distribution

The Goodeniaceae family was erected in 1810 by Robert Brown in Prodromus Novae Florae Hollandiae, p 573 with the notation " Goodenoviae ". Type genus is Goodenia Sm. Synonyms for Goodeniaceae R.Br. are Scaevolaceae Lindl. and Brunoniaceae R.Br..

The home of most species is Australia (all genres ) and Malaysia. Some species have their areas in South America, Africa, the Caribbean, New Zealand and Southeast Asia.

There are about twelve genera with about 300-440 species in the family of Goodeniengewächse ( Goodeniaceae ):

• Anthotium R.Br.: With three to four species in southwestern Australia.
• Brunonia Sm, with only one type: Brunonia australis R.Br. ex Sm: It is widely used in Australia.

• Diaspasis filifolia R.Br.: It is native to southwestern Australia.

• Pentaptilon careyi ( F.Muell. ) E.Pritz. It occurs only in Western Australia.

Illustrations

Scaevola ramosissima

Lechenaultia linarioides

Swell

• The Goodeniaceae in APWebsite family. ( Section systematics and description)
• The Goodeniaceae and Brunoniaceae family at Delta. ( Description section )
• Deyuan Hong & Dianella G. Howarth: Goodeniaceae. In: Flora of China Editorial Committee: Wu Zheng -yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China. Cucurbitaceae through Valerianaceae, with Annonaceae and Berberidaceae. Volume 19, Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 28 February, 2011, ISBN 978-1-935641-04-9, pp. 568-569 ( online text is identical to the printed work, " Goodeniaceae - Online "). (Section Description, distribution and systematics)
• Family Goodeniaceae in the New South Wales Flora Online. (Section Description, distribution and systematics)
• Family Goodeniaceae in the flora of Western Australia. ( Description section )