Grand Theatre, Warsaw
The Teatr Wielki ( Great German Theatre) is the largest theater in Warsaw. It houses the National Opera ( Polish National Opera ) and the National Theatre ( Teatr Narodowy ) in Poland.
History
The Teatr Wielki was built in the years 1825-1833 according to the plans of the Italian architect Antonio Corazzi and was originally given the name, National Theatre ' ( Teatr Narodowy ). After the defeat of the November Uprising of 1830 had to be dispensed with in favor of this name still used today. The house was inaugurated on February 24, 1833 with a performance of Rossini's Il Barbiere di Siviglia. In the period up to the Second World War it was site of almost all Polish premieres of operas and ballets, the works Moniuszko and Szymanowski. 1836 was in the right wing of the building Teatr Rozmaitości, a theater with 800 seats for spoken theater performances, the 1924 master stage of the National Theatre.
The building was destroyed by the German Wehrmacht during the Second World War, except for remnants of the facade. In the postwar years used National Opera and theater various alternative quarters. 1949 could be resumed in the restored National Theater of the game operation. For the new building of the National Opera, a competition was awarded in 1951 by the architect Bohdan Pniewski won. Thus, a new building was erected under the technical direction of Arnold Szyfman, which was inaugurated on 19 November 1965. Here, the new auditorium and the stage was set for the opera behind the original building, which allowed space for a gigantic stage with 50 m and 54 m depth on stage. From the ballrooms behind the wings of the facade of the Theatre Museum was under the umbrella of the original stage tower a chamber stage was housed, including the extremely expansive foyer of the opera. In addition, extensive areas for samples and the 28 different workshops were built, among other things, as an orchestra rehearsal room under the auditorium, dance hall and choir room and a circular Malersaal above the auditorium.
In March 1985, the National Theatre was destroyed by fire in the western wing. The reconstruction lasted almost 12 years and ended after the fall of 1996, on 19 November 1997, it was with Noc listopadowa (, November night ') by Stanisław Wyspiański reopened. In the same year the construction of the Jabłonowski Palace was completed on the opposite side of the square.
In 2002, the main façade of the theater building was crowned with a bronze quadriga. The Quadriga was already provided for in the 19th century by Antonio Corazzi, but was realized only in the 21st century.
Current usage
Polish National Opera
The Polish National Opera plays with about 1000 employees opera and ballet performances. It maintains the 102- piece orchestra of the National Opera, a 97 -member Opera Chorus, the Children's Choir Alla Polacca and a ballet company with around 80 dancers. The management of the company is in the hands of the Director General Waldemar Dabrowski, Chief Conductor Evgeny Volynsky and artistic director Mariusz Treliński.
Teatr Narodowy
The National Theatre, smaller venues recorded with about 65 actors in addition to the main stage in the Teatr Wielki outside the home, is under the artistic direction of Jan Englert.
Theatre Museum
About 200,000 pieces recorded the museum's collection, the daytime, but is also open during the opera. In addition to paintings, sculptures, photographs, sketches and models, costumes, programs and posters, it also archives the estate of many famous singers, dancers, actors and designers, for example, by Jan Kiepura and Helena Modrzejewska.