Great jüz
- Of the Little Horde
- The Middle Horde
- The Great Horde
Great Horde ( kasach. Ұлы жүз / Uli Juez "older Schüs ") was the name of a Kazakh tribal federation of the 16th century. This horde is also known as Senior Horde.
Starting from the tsarist Russia were also mentioned by other Europeans, the Great Horde in the 18th and 19th centuries falsely Small Kirghiz Horde. This came about as the former Russia wanted to distinguish the Kazakhs of the Slavic Cossacks (Russian Казак / kazak ). So they called the Kazakhs as initially as " Kazak - Kyrgyz ". Between 1917 and 1920 the area of the Great Horde belonged partly to the Kazakh Alash -Orda State.
Scope and tribal structure
Like all nomadic influenced state formation in Central Asia also came the Great Horde has no fixed and clearly defined boundaries. But they mainly included the tribes in southern and south-eastern Kazakhstan and the closed Kazakh language area in Chinese Xinjiang and neighboring Mongolia. The Khan of the Great Horde under their tribes consisted mainly of the clans of Alban, Dschaprasty, Dwlat, Zhalayri, ISTY, Oshakty, Qangly, Sirgeli, Swan, Sary- Üysin. In addition, the Khan of the Great Horde exercised a loose suzerainty over the neighboring Kyrgyz tribes and adjoining areas in present-day Uzbekistan ( Karakalpakstan mainly ).
History
1509 was founded by Dschingiskhaniden Qasym Khan, the Kazakhs Khanate. But after his death ( 1518) three appanages (Part dominions ) were built on the territory of the khanate, whose princes often acted autonomously. This is also how the Great Horde, whose rulers usually appear as khans of the neighboring Middle Horde. So it is extremely difficult to define precise the rule space of the Great Horde, also often appear, the khans of the Middle Horde and ruler of the Great Horde.
In the fight against the Western Mongolian Dzungars the Great Horde of Khan and the Russian Empire under its 1742 Golbars Khan (r. 1718/34-1742/47 ) voluntarily became a vassal of the Tsar. 1824, the Great Horde was (analogous to the Middle Horde) dissolved by Russian authorities and placed under the protectorate of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Tsar. The Kazakhs were forced to abandon their old nomadic life and to settle down. The thus no longer needed grazing land in the north was then released for colonization and there were Russians and Ukrainians settled. Then Khan led Kenisari 1837-1846 / 47 some clans of the Great and Middle Horde an uprising. He was 1846/47 pushed back in the Tian -Shan and there killed by the Kyrgyz. Kenisaris son Sadiq went to the death of his father into exile and settled in Kokand