Gymnopilus

Geflecktblättriger Flämmling ( Gymnopilus penetrans )

The Flämmlinge ( Gymnopilus ) is a fungal genus in the family veil Ling relatives. The small to large fruit bodies have a rüblings or knights ling -like habit, predominantly yellow to brown color and grow individually, in groups or in tufts on wood or on the ground.

The type species is Gymnopilus liquiritiae.

Features

Macroscopic characteristics

The color spectrum of the fruiting bodies ranges from yellow, ocher over rust-colored, orange brown, rust brown, red-brown to dark brown to a kind of has an olive tone, non-Nordic types have also purple to violet colors. The semi-spherical, tapered, bell-shaped, curved to flat spreading hat has a small peak or flattened to a broad hump. The predominantly dry hat skin ( Pileipellis ) is smooth up close-grained, intergrown fibrous - structured to faserschuppige. She rarely shows a slight sheen, but is neither translucent striate nor changed during drying their color (not hygrophanous ). The ausgerandeten and run-down with a tooth, mainly segment - to bottle-shaped fins are yellow, rust- yellow to orange- yellow colored, russet later, rare colored dark brown. The spore powder leaves a rust-colored imprint. The cylindrical or widening in the base handle has a smooth, fibrous or stringy - haired surface. The partial covering ( velum partiale ), if fitted, as volatile annular zone or point pointed like veil ( Cortina ) marked, in one case as membranous ring (annulus ). The meat ( Trama ) smells nonspecific and mostly taste bitter.

Microscopic characteristics

The elliptic, ovate - elliptic, almond-shaped, elliptical, almond-shaped or almost circular spores are feinwarzig, warty ornamentation to warty - wrinkled. The spores of some species have a suprahilare dent and / or a suprahilare plague, but no germ pore. They are rust- yellow to reddish brown and discolored weak or strong red with the addition of potassium hydroxide ( dextrinoide color reaction ). At the spores stands ( basidia ) mature (2 -) 4 spores zoom. The sterile elements on the fins ( cheilocystidia ) are almost cylindrical, bottle-shaped wide bottle-shaped, fusiform, bone-shaped and usually have an almost kopfige to kopfige tip. Sterile elements to the lamellar surface ( pleurocystidia ) are rare or absent. Also Zystiden with granulos - yellowish, with the addition of ammonia or potassium intense yellow verfärbendem content ( Chrysozystiden ) are missing. The fungal threads ( hyphae ) have a inkrustierendes pigment and buckles at the cross walls ( septa ).

Ecology

Flämmlinge live saprobiontisch of dead wood on the ground, on raw humus, peat, wood angekokeltem and fire places. A kind colonized grasses. They rarely grow between peat moss or are parasitic to find the roots or trunk base of trees.

Species

Worldwide, the Flämmlinge include about 200 species, 20 species occur in Europe or are expected there.

Dunkelstieliger or Red-brown Flämmling Gymnopilus picreus

Ringed or Magnificent Flämmling Gymnopilus junonius

Samtschuppiger fir Flämmling Gymnopilus sapineus