Halimione portulacoides
Purslane wedge reporting ( Halimione portulacoides )
The purslane wedge reporting ( Halimione portulacoides ), also called beach purslane, is a flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae ( Amaranthaceae ). It is an element of halophytes hallways. The German trivial name refers to the fact that the taste of their leaves is reminiscent of the vegetable plant purslane.
- 2.1 salt plant
- 2.2 Heavy metal tolerance
- 2.3 food for insects and fungi
Description
Features
The purslane wedge alarm is an evergreen perennial plant achieved the stature heights between 15 and 80 centimeters. The gray and woody at the base Stems grow prostrate or ascending. The leaves are opposite arranged on the stem axis, the lower heaped tufted. The gray - green, simple leaf blades are obovate to elliptic - lanceolate and entire, with a length of up to 7 inches in outline. Are very small, consisting of only two cell hairs on the leaf surface. They serve to adjust the salt content of the plant. Having excess salt was deposited in the hairs, the hairs either break down or burst on.
Inflorescence and flower
The flowering period extends from July to September. The inconspicuous greenish yellow flowers sit in aged men inflorescences. They are monoecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( monoecious ). The male flowers have no bracteoles, they contain four or five bracts ( tepals ) and four to five stamens. The female flowers are surrounded by two large, connected to the top, three-lobed continue reading whose lobes are nearly equal. Bracts absent the female flowers, they contain only one ovary.
Fruit and seed
The fruits are sessile. Characteristic of the genus Halimione is that the pericarp adheres closely to the Next page. The seed stands upright, its root is in the fruit upward. The seed coat is thin and membranous.
Chromosome number
The chromosome number is 2n = 36
Photosynthetic
The purslane purslane is a C3 plant.
Ecology
Salt plant
The purslane wedge alarm is a Halophyt. It pumps the salt absorbed through the roots in so-called bubble or Absalzhaare. These are hairs ( trichomes ) on the leaf surface, are transported to the active salt ions. The hairs die off and the salt is removed from the plant. The bubble cover hair as shiny silver layer the leaves and stems.
Contains, the more sodium chloride, the ground, the more sodium ions accumulate in the plant at. Up to moderate salt concentrations, salt promotes the growth. At higher concentrations the photosynthesis rate is decreasing, this is mainly caused by a limited gas exchange.
Heavy metal tolerance
Like other species of salt marshes may also purslane wedge reporting tolerate heavy metals in the soil. In soils that are contaminated with zinc, lead, cobalt, cadmium, nickel, or copper, the roots accumulate significantly more metals than the stems and leaves. Moreover, the metals are fixed mainly in the cell walls and thus kept away from the locations of the cell metabolism. So the plant prevents poisoning by the harmful metal ions. Therefore, the purslane wedge reporting could also suitable for phytoremediation of contaminated soils.
Food for insects and fungi
The purslane wedge alarm is a food plant for the larvae of the weevil Baris scolopacea. Henestaris halophilus from the bug family of Geocoridae and the nymphs of the Report Bug Parapiesma quadratum suck the juice of the plant. The mirid bug Orthotylus moncreaffi feeds on this Article
At the roots of ascomycete Byssothecium circinans lives. Occasionally, the living plant is attacked by Peronospora farinosa downy mildew fungus. On dead plant parts of purslane wedge reporting the saprobiontischen fungi Ascochyta obiones, Camarosporium roumeguerei Coniothyrium obiones and Phomopsis grow obiones piceae format.
Occurrence and risk
The purslane Wedge message is disseminated to the sea coasts of western and southern Europe and the Mediterranean coast of North Africa to western Asia. In addition, it should also occur in Namibia and South Africa.
In Germany, the purslane purslane grows mainly on the North Sea coast. While they are not considered endangered in Lower Saxony and Bremen, it is endangered in Schleswig -Holstein as a highly classified ( Red List of Threatened Species 2).
The purslane wedge alarm grows in salt marshes on the coast on sandy Salztonböden. Often they dominated vegetation there. It needs full sunlight and nitrogen-rich, moist soil. It is regarded as Kennart the plant community ( association ) of the salt Sign lawn ( Halimionetum portulacoides Kuhnh. Lord 1927).
System
The first publication of this kind took place in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus, under the name Atriplex portulacoides in Species Plantarum 2, p 1053. Aellen Paul separated these species in 1938 as Halimione portulacoides (L.) Aellen of Atriplex off and placed at the same time the genus Halimione on ( in: Proceedings of the natural History Society in Basel, Volume 49, p 126). In the following years this species was frequently re- assigned to the genus Atriplex. Phylogenetic analyzes of Kadereit et al. 2010 showed that Halimione not belong in the genus Atriplex, but as a separate genus endures.
Synonyms for Halimione portulacoides (L.) Aellen are: Atriplex portulacoides L., Chenopodium portulacoides (L.) Thunb, halimus portulacoides (L.) Dumort. . and Obione portulacoides (L.) Moq. , and possibly halimus T.Nees australis and borealis halimus T.Nees.
Halimione portulacoides belongs to the tribe Atripliceae in the subfamily Chenopodioideae within the family of Amaranthaceae ( Amaranthaceae ). In this family, the Goosefoot family ( Chenopodiaceae ) are now included.
Use
The leaves of purslane wedge reporting are edible and can be eaten raw in salads or cooked as a vegetable, after careful washing. They are described as crisp and meaty, with salty taste.