Halvard Lange

Halvard Manthey Lange ( born September 16, 1902 in Kristiania, † May 19, 1970 ) was a Norwegian politician Arbeiderpartiet that with only a one-month break was 19 years foreign minister after the Second World War and thus the foreign policy of Norway decisively helped to shape in the postwar period.

Life

Studies, professional activities and concentration camp inmate

Long, son of the politician Christian Lous Lange, who with Karl Hjalmar Branting received the 1921 Nobel Peace Prize, studied post-school philology and was active at this time as a member of Norges Socialdemokratiske Arbeiderparti (NSA ). At times he was chairman of the youth organization of the NSA, but resigned in 1927 the Arbeiderpartiet in as a member.

It was after graduation in 1929 1930-1935 as a teacher at the trade school in Oslo. During this time he completed next 1932-1935 with financial support from a scholarship to study at the Christian Michelsen Institute for sociological studies. He was also a 1932-1934 member of the City Council of Oslo, and since 1933 a member of the Corporate Executive Committee of the Workers' Party.

Subsequently, he was from 1935 to 1936, first secretary of the work ern Opplysningsforbund ( AOF ), the student movement of the Workers' Party, and then from 1936 to 1938 professor of history at the University of Oslo, before he followed until 1940 Rector of the folk high school ( Folkehøgskole ) in Sørmarka had.

After the occupation of Norway by the German Wehrmacht in 1940 Lange was arrested and detained between August 1942 and 1945, where he spent the last two and a half years in Sachsenhausen concentration camp.

Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1946 to 1965 and accession to NATO in 1949

After the liberation of Norway and his return he was appointed Prime Minister in 1946 in his second government as foreign minister. He thus became the successor to Trygve Lie, who was the first official UN Secretary-General on 1 February 1946. After taking office in October 1946, he asked his personal friend Willy Brandt as press spokesman for the Norwegian Military Mission in Berlin to work. Brandt worked there from January 1947 to July 1948 with the rank of Major.

1950 Lange was also a member of the Storting and represented in this until 1969 the constituency Akershus.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs he practiced first from to 28 August in 1963 and took office again after only less than a month in office bourgeois minority government of Prime Minister John Lyng again from 25 September 1963 to 25 October 1965 in the fourth government Prime Minister Einar Gerhardsen.

Over his 19 - year tenure as Foreign Minister Lange shaped the foreign policy of Norway in the postwar period with crucial. He knew how to not only implement the idea of his own party, but to also consider the foreign policy ideas of the bourgeois opposition parties. This was particularly clear when Norway abandoned its traditional neutrality stance and in 1949 founding member of NATO. This move was criticized by a small group within the Arbeiderpartiet and in Norges Kommunistiske particle ( NCP ) and later in 1961 founded Sosialistisk Folkeparti ( SF).

After leaving the government, he was 1965 Chairman of the European Movement in Norway ( Europabevegelsen i Norge), and also took on in 1966 a research contract at the Christian Michelsen Institute for sociological studies.

From 1945 until the takeover of the office as foreign minister was a member of the Norwegian Nobel Committee.

His younger brother was the historian, educator and university professor Christian August Manthey Lange.

Publications

In addition to his political activities Lange also wrote numerous scientific history books, which dealt among other things with the labor movement in Norway and abroad. Among his most famous publications include:

  • Fagorganisasjonens historie i Norge, 1933
  • Nazi og Norge, 1934
  • De politiske arbeiderinternasjonaler, 1934
  • The sosialdemokratiske forening 50 år, 1935
  • Arbeiderreisning II og III, 1935-1937
  • Det norske Arbeiderparti, 50 års history, 2 volumes, 1937 to 1939
  • Norsk utenrikspolitikk siden 1945, 1952
  • Fra champagne til parti. Om Arbeiderpartiets organisasjonsmessige above politiske utvikling 1891-1901, 1962
  • Norges vei til NATO, 1966

Background literature

  • G. Anderson: Halvard Lange: portrett av en Nordmann, 1981, ISBN 82-05-13016-7
Labour Party (Norway) List of youth organizations Student activism Docent Adult high school List of heads of government of Norway Communist Party of Norway Socialist People's Party (Norway) Labour movement Integrated Authority File
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