Hans Hellmann
Hans Gustav Adolf Hellmann ( born October 14, 1903 in Wilhelmshaven, † May 29, 1938 in Moscow ) was a German physicist. He wrote in 1937 one of the first textbooks on quantum chemistry.
Life
Hellmann was born in 1903 as the first of two children of the naval officer Gustav Hellmann and his wife Hermione in Wilhelmshaven. When his father died early, the mother improved her house on the fact that it offers workers a lunch in her own home. The young Hellmann earned his pocket money as a tourist guide.
In 1922 he started studying electrical engineering at the Technical University of Stuttgart, but switched after one semester for Technical Physics. He pursued his education financed by temporarily worked in the harbor his hometown. In 1925 he produced at the University of Kiel in a focus work on the dielectric constant of saline solutions. He could confirm the predictions of the current theory of Peter Debye, Erich Hückel, Lars Onsager and Hans Falk Hagen experimentally. In Kiel he also attended the lectures of Walther Kossel and probably first came into contact with the electronic theory of valency. After seven more semesters in Stuttgart Hellmann completed his dissertation at about radioactive preparations in Otto Hahn and Lise Meitner at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry in Berlin. He then became an assistant to Erich Regener in Stuttgart, where he received his doctorate with an experimental study on ozone decay to Dr. Ing.
In January 1929 married Hellmann Regener's foster daughter Victoria Bernstein, who came from a Jewish family from the Ukraine. She had come as a distant relative of Regener's wife after the death of their parents from the Soviet Union to Stuttgart. On October 14, 1929 Hans Hellmann Jr. was born.
1929 Hellmann became an assistant for Theoretical Physics at the Technical University of Hanover. In this very fertile period he was concerned with the nature of chemical bonding and molecular properties from the viewpoint of quantum chemistry. Under the Nazis, he was from 1933 increasingly difficult by the fact that his wife was Jewish. His habilitation application was rejected by the Prussian Ministry of Education in the fall of 1933. He also received his dismissal in late 1933 ended March 31, 1934. Hellmann decided to emigrate. Although he used some good contacts in the USA, he decided because of the origin of his wife, but also because of his political beliefs, for the Soviet Union.
In 1934 he got a job at the prestigious Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry in Moscow. Here he wrote his textbook on quantum chemistry. During the Great Terror, he was arrested on 8 March 1938 and accused of spying for Germany. On May 29, Hans Hellmann was executed. On October 11, 1957 he was rehabilitated.
At younger young scientists of the Hans GA Hellmann Award of the Association for Theoretical Chemistry is awarded annually for outstanding scientific achievements in the field of theoretical chemistry since 1998.
Hellmann introduced in 1934 pseudopotentials. According to him and Richard Feynman Hellmann - Feynman theorem is named, the Hellmann published in his textbook on quantum chemistry.
Works
- Hans Hellmann, On the occurrence of ions in the decomposition of ozone and the ionization of the stratosphere, Ann. d Phys. 2 (1929 ) 708-732.
- Hans Hellmann, Квантовая Химия, onties, Moscow and Leningrad, 1937 (Eng. Introduction to quantum chemistry. Deuticke, Leipzig and Vienna, 1937).