Haparanda
Haparanda Haparanda finn [ hɑ ː ˌ pɑ rɑntɑ ] (German, aspen beach ') is a place in Sweden. It is the capital and namesake of the municipality of Haparanda.
Geography
Haparanda is located at the mouth of the Torne River in the northern Gulf of Bothnia. In close proximity lies beyond the running at the city limits Swedish-Finnish border, the Finnish city of Tornio ( swedish Torneå ).
History
Tornio was one of the most famous market town Nordkalottens since the Middle Ages. The city was founded in 1621 and developed into a major trading town. When Sweden in 1809 lost his Finnish territories by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn along the Torne River and Muonioälv was drawn the new border. The village Haparanda by seven farms were now on the Swedish, the city of Tornio on the other hand, the Finnish ( Russian ) side of the new border.
The loss of Tornio quickly led to efforts on the Swedish side of the border to found a new city. Following a decision by the Swedish king, Charles XIII. of 20 May 1812, the city was to be named after the heir to the throne Charles John: are Carl -Johan stad and west from the village Nikkala, on the coast about 10 km from Tornio and the new frontier, built.
However, the citizens and craftsmen, of which was now expected that they should go after Carl -Johan stad were, on the location of the new city unenthusiastic. This meant that Carl -Johan stad after nine years (1821 ) had only 21 inhabitants and was thus remained a pure desk product. The interest was directed more and more instead on the situated very close to Tornio and the border town of Haparanda. On the floor of one of the farms a " köping " ( Haparanda köping ) was founded in 1821, ie the area got market rights and soon a town-like planning.
His original plan, however, had long since abandoned by the state. 1821 changed the name to Carl -Johan stad in Haparanda stad; however this should still west of Nikkala and are relatively far away from the established limit. So there was at that time confusingly three places called Haparanda, a (actually non-existent ) town 10 km from the realm border, a small " köping " near the frontier and also be a country village just outside the " köping " lying. It was not until 1842, after the citizens of the " köping " had acquired city rights, the decision of 1812 was finally abolished and the " köping " a town.
In both world wars Haparanda played an important role in border affairs of various kinds as well as in the reception of refugees.
Today Haparanda and Tornio form a twin city.
Language
Haparanda was ( as earlier also Tornio ) about the middle of the 19th century a predominantly Swedish-speaking city, although in the surrounding landscape almost exclusively Finnish was spoken at the same time. Until the mid-20th century, the town of Haparanda was called in linguistic works as a " Swedish linguistic island ". Because of later immigration is now a large part of the population Finnish speakers - these are primarily standard Finnish, and not the regional variety Meänkieli.
Economy
On 15 November 2006, the furniture company Ikea opened its world's northernmost furniture store in Haparanda. The city expects positive economic effects and new jobs in the environment of the crowd pullers Ikea. Within a radius of 130 km around Haparanda around half a million people live. Haparanda is - next to Malmö, and the Öresund bridge, including tourist information - the only city in Sweden, can be paid in their stores by proximity to EUR Finland to the Euro.
Traffic
Haparanda is located at the northern end of the European Route 4, which runs from Helsingborg in southern Sweden to Haparanda / Tornio. Haparanda is located on the railway line floor - Haparanda and - because of the broader Finnish track - leading a multi-rail track across the border into neighboring Finnish Tornio. Here, however, operating only freight trains.
Sports
Native to Haparanda Haparanda - Tornio is the Bandyverein Bandy, who emerged from a syndicate of clubs Haparanda SKT and Tornion Palloveikot from the other side of the river. Between 2009 and 2011 he played for two years in the first Swedish League. The hockey club HC Asplöven has its headquarters in Haparanda since 1972.
Together with the Finnish city of Oulu was Haparanda from the Bandy World Championship 2001.
Personalities
- Gun Kessle (1926-2007), photographer, visual artist and author
- Marianne Racine ( born 1956 ), jazz musician