Hatred

Hate is a human emotion sharp and persistent antipathy. Based on the ability to intense negative emotions, the term is also used figuratively and generally represents the strongest form of rejection, contempt and dislike. The motives of hatred ends are partly unconsciously, but they can be made aware of the rule. As a counter- term in a similar sense of strength especially love is considered.

Hatred does not arise out of nowhere. Hatred comes when deep and long-lasting injuries can not be blocked and punished. Hate is thus a combination of reason and emotion. The reason calls for the end of the injury and after a punishment of excruciating. The feeling of hatred ends is that of helplessness, captivity, the defenselessness.

Philosophical definition

Hate is loud Dictionary of Philosophical Terms of Kirchner and Michaëlis " the passionate dislike of what caused us pain. The hate, the opposite of love, abhors not only a man but also want to harm him. He often springs from self-interest, the envy, the wounded ambition, jealousy, or spurned love. In this respect, he attributes the importance hated, he differs from contempt. Things you can basically do not hate, but feel only aversion to it, abhorrence of them; because they can probably destroy, but not to harm them. Even the hatred of evil is only the horror of the same. "

Distinction according to Fromm

The psychoanalyst Erich Fromm distinguishes between two types of hate:

Reactive hatred

It is always the result of a deep injury, or painful situation that one faces powerless because they can not change on their own. Erich Fromm writes: "Among reactive hatred I do hate a reaction due to an attack on my life, my safety, my ideals or to another person that I love or with which I am identified. Reactive hatred always presupposes that someone has a positive attitude to life, to other people and ideals. Those who are strong life-affirming, will react accordingly if his life is threatened. "

Character -related hate

Although it has been triggered in the same way as the reactive hatred, but requires a fundamentally different personality structure of the hatred ends first - hate is in this case a character trait, a hate reaction was merely an expression of the inherent hatred. The main difference from the " reactive hatred" was to hate the general willingness, a recognizable hostility, which find in their hatred outbreaks output. " But the hatred was then, so it is a trait of the person concerned now hostile. In the case of reactive hatred ... it's the situation that generates the hatred; in the case of character-rooted hatred, however, a non-activated hostility is updated by the situation. ... Such a person is a special kind of satisfaction and fun when he hates, which is absent in reactive hatred. " Enabling the character-rooted hatred among the population referred to Fromm as one of the most important ways to prepare for a war of aggression.

See also: witch-hunt

Sliding hatred

Else Frenkel - Brunswik has earlier discussed on the occasion of National Socialism, the phenomenon of " floating hatred ". Alice Miller and Arno Gruen describe the latent sliding hate as difficult to resolve and dangerous because it does not focus on the person who caused it, but to spare persons who are each used as scapegoats.

Brain Research

The neural exploration of hatred is comparatively young. Brain research has shown the basis of measurements and studies that certain areas are responsible for hate in the brain.