Hayashi Razan
Hayashi Razan (Japanese林 罗山; * 1583 in Kyoto, † March 7, 1657 in Edo ) was a leading representative of Neo-Confucianism of the early Edo period. With him the story of the house Hayashi, which spawned influential Confucian scholars until the 19th century begins. Razan is his pen name, his posthumous name ( imina ) is Nobukatsu (信 胜), the style name ( Azaña ) was Konobu (子 信). In the monastery, he received the name Dōshun (道 春).
Life
Hayashi was born in Kyoto in 1583 and entrusted because of family circumstances as an adopted son of an uncle. The highly gifted child started in 1595 Kennin Temple ( Kennin -ji ,建 仁 寺) with Buddhist studies, but he refused the final shot in the monk's state and returned at the age of 15 years, back to his family. Here he turned to the teachings of the Neo-Confucian philosopher Zhu Xi Chinese ( Japanese name: Shushi ) to and studied especially the comments on the "four canonical books ".
In 1604 he met the philosopher Fujiwara Seika know who tried from a wide dissatisfaction with Buddhism out, Shinto and to connect like-minded scholars gathered around him with Confucian elements. This encounter practiced on Razans future life of a decisive influence. Seika was impressed by Razans intellectuality. The following year he presented the 23 -year-old Razan the first Shogun and founder of the Tokugawa Shogunate, Tokugawa Ieyasu in Kyoto and recommended him for an official position.
1606 Razan led a fierce debate with Fabian fucan ( c. 1565-1621 ), a Japanese Jesuit, on the shape of the earth and the cosmos. 1607 moved to Edo Razan and acted as counselor to the second shogun Tokugawa Hidetada ( Ieyasu's third son ). In 1624, he became a teacher ( Jiko ,侍讲) appointed the second son of Hidetada, Tokugawa Iemitsu. Razan has been involved in various forms in the establishment of the rule of the Tokugawa system. In 1635 he wrote the script shohatto Buke (武 家 诸法 度, dt " regulations for the houses of the Warrior" ), in the following year he went on pilgrimage to Ise Shrine, where he gave a ceremony.
In 1632 he erected in Edoer quarter Ueno Shinobugaoka using the daimyo Tokugawa Owari Yoshinao of a mausoleum, the "Palace of the old saints" (先 圣殿, Zenseiden; meant Confucius ), which later became the " Academy of bright blooming peace" (昌平 should be黉, Shōheikō ), the parastatal Neo-Confucian elite school and training center for government officials. The Rectorate remained since Hayashi Hoko (林 凤 冈), the grandson Razans than Erbamt the house Hayashi.
Razan practiced in the consolidation phase of the new Shogunate from major impact by designing regulations for institutions and etiquette rules. In addition to the " words of the wise " ( literal translation of the term jugaku ,儒学, dt " Confucianism " ), he wrote travel records. Influential further was correlated compilation of Tashikihen (多 识 编) that about 2000 keywords of Chinese Heilmittelwerke Běncǎo gangmu (Chinese本草纲目) and Nóngshū with (农 书) Japanese Termini and a great influence on the Japanese doctors of the 17th century exercised.
Founded by him in his later years of school direction of the so-called Rito - Shinchi Shinto, which had the unity of Confucianism and Shinto, as well as the rejection of Buddhism to content, formed the basis for the subsequent flow of the Confucian- influenced Shinto (儒家 神道, Juka Shinto ).
Hayashi's grave is located in Tokyo's Shinjuku district, district Ichidani Yamabushi.
Works (selection)
- Tashiki -tion. Pressure 1612 (多 识 篇)
- Honcho jinja kō. Pressure 1645 ( 「本 朝 神社 考」 )
- Heishin Kiko. ( 「丙辰 纪行」 )
- Participation in: Kan'ei shoke Keizu - the ( 「寛 永 诸 家 系 図 伝」 )