Hazardous waste
Hazardous waste ( hazardous wastes English ) is within the European Union of today used legal technical term for waste materials which have hazardous properties and therefore represent a potential threat to the health and / or the environment. In colloquial language it is for the terms toxic waste, hazardous waste or hazardous waste.
Term and waste legislation
The term hazardous waste or hazardous waste does not exist in waste legislation. Such wastes were referred to July 14, 2006 at the Recycling and Waste Management Act as special waste (§ 41 KrW-/AbfG ). In the course of harmonization with European law the KrW-/AbfG but was revised 15 July 2006, once again, so that the term is since 1 February 2007 hazardous waste ( § 48 KrWG ). This should be expressed that high demands on the technical equipment, the procedures used and the documentation are provided on the whereabouts of hazardous waste to the disposal of such waste. Hazardous waste subject to mandatory for legal requirements. This means that hazardous waste may be transported only by prior administrative approval by the waste producer to an approved recycling or disposal facility, and that the competent authorities of the waste generator as of the disposal on the timing and amount of spent hazardous waste must be taught. These waste verification of hazardous waste takes place since 1 April 2010 with the statutory waste electronic detection methods ( eANV ) to the German Ordinance (Ordinance on the verification when disposing of waste)
The term " Hazardous waste " itself comes from the EU Directive 91/689/EEC on hazardous waste. Used to disclose the hazardous waste in the European Waste List the EU. This includes 839 types of waste, of which 405 were declared as dangerous.
In spite of its dangerousness special waste can be fed to a recovery or disposal operations. For some substances ( eg PCB ) but is valid for a fixed concentration of the priority of elimination, so that a recovery is impossible. The hazardous waste includes, for example, spent solvents, acids, alkalis, paint sludges, obsolete pesticides, some hospital waste, laboratory chemicals, filter dusts and substances with heavy metal contaminants.
Problematic and criminal law is when toxic waste is not fed the proper hazardous waste disposal, but misdeclared the alleged commodity and sold abroad or mixed with large amounts of normal waste or soil and is then disposed of as household waste, excavation or non toxic industrial waste.
The Basel Convention regulates the control of transboundary movement and disposal of hazardous waste. The illegal disposal and the banned trade in hazardous waste, international bodies such as G8, EU, Interpol and the United Nations Environment Programme recognized as an environmental crime.
Germany: " Südschiene "
Mid- April 2012 ended the German state of Baden- Württemberg, represented by the Environment Minister Franz saucer ( Alliance 90/The Greens in Baden- Württemberg), with the companies Sonderabfallentsorgung Bayern GmbH ( GSB) and Hessian Industrial GmbH (HIM ) signed a cooperation agreement for the disposal of combustible hazardous waste such as old paint and solvents, etc. from the country. The contract includes quotas of 10,000 tonnes ( t) of hazardous waste for incineration in Bavaria and Hesse; representing about 40 % of the costs incurred in Baden-Württemberg combustible hazardous waste by approximately 48,000 tonnes per year. In return, Bavaria and Hesse can dispose of special waste to be dumped in the Baden-Württemberg hazardous waste landfill cheap home and in the former salt mine Kochendorf the southwest German salt mines in Bad AG Friedrich -Kochendorf. The obligation to deliver in the year 20,000 tons of hazardous waste from the made 1997 waste disposal contract with Waste recycling AVG in the city -state of Hamburg could never be true: but it prevented bad investments of about 500 million euros in two in the 1990s for fillet and Böblingen projected and then very controversial hazardous waste incinerators. At that time it was still of incurred solely in Baden -Württemberg waste volumes up to 100,000 tonnes per year assumed.
Scandals
The environmental organization Greenpeace revealed in May 1992 to the displacement of 2000 tons of obsolete pesticides Germany to Romania. Began only in March 1993 under the then Federal Environment Minister Klaus Töpfer a recall campaign to deliver the waste to Germany for disposal.
Another scandal occurred in Albania with pesticides from GDR production lindane Trizilin and Falisan ( mercury-containing seed treatment ) contained (see links).
The transport of disused ships to Asia for scrapping may also be regarded as export of hazardous waste, as the ships contain hazardous substances such as asbestos, organotin compounds ( TBT ), heavy metal-containing paints and waste oils. The ships are dismantled in countries like India on the beach without safeguards improperly, the toxic substances are released and enter the environment.
In the West German media before reunification (landfill Ihlenberg today ) was often from the landfill Schoenberg the speech that the GDR had the largest importer of hazardous waste in Europe.