Heavy equipment

Construction, also known as construction equipment, are stationary, semi-mobile or mobile machines that are powered by internal combustion engines or electric motors and which materials loaded and processed, transported building supplies and construction tasks are performed. They are used both in the construction and in the building materials industry. The common in the construction industry for the calculation of construction equipment list includes a comprehensive inventory of machinery and equipment. Many construction equipment can be assigned not only to the construction industry, because they are used in addition to their use in the construction industry and in the mining industry (mining or open pit ), in agriculture, in the landfill operation as well as in other industries.

This list of Construction Equipment offers an overview of the variety of Construction Equipment for the present and called their typical fields of application. The development history of specific machinery is described in the related article. Small appliances, building supplies ( formwork and scaffolding) or tools and track construction equipment and hydraulic vehicles are not part of this list. Also, mining machinery, such as bucket wheel excavators are not mentioned in the list.

Classification

Erdbaugeräte

Erdbaugeräte used to release, loading, transporting, placing and compacting of earth mass or bulk materials over short distances. To work in the earthworks, the devices are equipped with different chassis and attachments. The design depends on the existing soil material and its solvability. Furthermore conveyor line and load carrying capacity of the route affect the machine choice. Some devices are used universally, so that their use extends beyond the earthworks out into other areas of responsibility. A distinction is made between state, driving flat and excavators.

Stand excavator

Stand excavator do their main work task solving and loading of soil, largely in one place. The movement of the machine is carried out independently. Conveying processes are economical only over very short distances, because the driving speed and the flow rate is low. As a rule, no transport in terms of a process of goods takes place, but this will be implemented or pulled using the attached equipment.

Driving excavator

In contrast to prior excavator driving excavator is only by the motion of the machine for the performance of his work duties in time. It is suitable for transportation over short distances. Crucial for the efficiency in transport include the acceleration capacity, the terminal velocity and the loading volume.

Flat excavator

Flat excavator working in Flachab or order and some devices are designed in part to transport materials over longer distances. As with the driving excavator for loosening and conveying the motion of the entire apparatus is required. Flat excavators have a high engine power and reach in part medium to high speeds.

Drilling and Diaphragm Wall Rigs

For civil engineering tasks, including the manufacture of diaphragm walls and piles, special equipment is needed. The devices take over the loosening of the soil, and then convey it to the surface. To avoid a collapse in fragile soils, the devices must support the drill holes and slatwall sufficiently during manufacture. In addition, either in the case of bored pile a pipe in questions, in the case of the diaphragm wall, a supporting liquid.

Transport equipment

The horizontal transport of earth mass or bulk goods as well as machinery or components is carried out with the help of different types of transport devices. They are suitable for wide conveyor lines, and most of them can deliver their cargo on their own. For transport on short and medium distances also various Erdbaugeräte are. Depending on the amount of material to be moved and the route (public road or private property ) different devices come into question. Another possibility, however, not be discussed further here is the transport with rail vehicles operating in the track as well as by ship.

Machines for transport and processing concrete and mortar

Concrete and mortar can be prepared either in mobile mixing plants or stationary mixing plants. For transportation to the site and for conveying to the site and for the concrete processing is a set of machines.

Hoists

Hoists are used for vertical and horizontal transport of building materials and construction auxiliaries and persons on construction sites. A distinction is made between mobile and stationary devices. A special role in choosing the device plays the body speed and the adaptation of the device to the construction progress. Decide for device choice is also the maximum possible lift and the load torque.

Driving and extracting equipment

To create a Spundwandverbaus or a soldier pile wall units for driving and vibration of sheet piles and steel sections are required. These devices are (usually tracked excavator ) connected to a carrier. The choice of the appropriate instrument depends on the existing soil conditions as well as of the requirements with respect to the noise reduction and the maximum allowable vibration.

Equipment in road construction

The special requirements for high-quality asphalt and concrete track construction meet specially developed processing equipment and compaction of asphalt mixes and fresh concrete. To eliminate the voids in the asphalt different types of rollers are used.

The picture shows the variation of Dynapac with front -propelled feeder.

Also matched to the slipform method be used for the installation of monolithic profiles ( curb profiles, Betongleitschutzwände or gullies ) in the offset process.

Channel and pipeline equipment

For construction projects in the channel and pipeline specific product have been developed, on the one hand ensure safety and also allow for economical operation. In addition to the bones listed below are common even compaction equipment or excavator used.

Compaction equipment

Form the basis for lasting and secure buildings and roads was sufficiently compacted soils. With the help of compaction equipment pore spaces in the soil, which are filled with air and water, reduced, thus increasing the load-bearing capacity and reduces the subsequent subsidence. The compression method is dependent on the forthcoming Soil. A distinction is made between cohesive and non- cohesive soils. Cohesive soils are compacted by kneading and walk movement operations, non-cohesive soils, however, are about to compress dynamic motions.

Tunneling devices

Depending on the existing soil and groundwater conditions and construction machinery suited for driving a tunnel to be selected. A further criterion is still the shape of the tunnel cross-section named. In essence (also called New Austrian Tunnelling Method ) tunneling between the shield tunneling, the partial section jacking or degradation by blasting distinguished.

Compressor equipment

On construction sites, compressed air is used for hand-held breakers, drills and sprayers as well as for the compressed air support in tunnel construction. Depending on the required flow rate different compressor sizes are used for generating compressed air on site.

Cleaning Equipment

For cleaning of building sites special devices are used.