Heinrich Campendonk

Campendonck Heinrich ( born November 3, 1889 in Krefeld, † May 9, 1957 in Amsterdam ) was a German - Dutch painter and printmaker.

Life

Campendonck, son of a textile merchant broke, 1905, a doctrine of the textile department from 1905 to 1909 and received artistic training with Jan Thorn- Prikker at the time very advanced arts and crafts school in Krefeld. He was friends with Helmuth Macke, August Macke, Wilhelm Wieger, Franz Marc and Paul Klee. In 1909 he made ​​initial contacts with members of the New Artists' Association in Munich. With the support of Wassily Kandinsky and Franz Marc Heinrich Campendonck connection was to the group, which became famous under the name " Blauer Reiter ". He took part in the two exhibitions the group in the years 1911 and 1912 and in 1912 its member. In 1913 he participated in the First German Autumn Salon in Berlin and at the exhibition " Rhenish Expressionists " in Bonn. After completing military service from 1914 to 1916, he moved to Lake Main and was from 1919 to 1921 Member of the Working Council for Art.

Between 1923 and 1933 Henry Campendonck lived in the Rhineland. At the School of Applied Arts in Essen, he was a teacher in 1923. In 1926 he was appointed professor of glass painting, wall painting, mosaic and Gobelinweberei at the Art Academy in Dusseldorf, where he worked until 1926. After Hitler came to power in 1933, he was released in Dusseldorf on the basis of the " Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service". 1934 Heinrich Campendonck left Germany and emigrated to Belgium. The defamation of his pictures under the heading of "Degenerate Art" ( 87 of his works were confiscated ), he had to witness from exile in Amsterdam. There he took in 1935 to a professorship at the Rijksakademie van Beeldende kunsten. In 1937 he was represented in the Munich " Degenerate Art exhibition " with six of his works. In the same year he exhibited at the World Fair in Paris for the Netherlands before a window, for which he won the Grand Prix. After the war, Heinrich Campendonck not returned to Germany, but remained in Amsterdam, where he died highly honored on May 9, 1957, as a naturalized Dutchman.

Work

His work has moved in the area Cubism, Futurism, Expressionism, and the strict geometric forms. Campendonck coined the Rhenish Expressionism.

During his stay in Sindelsdorf 1911-1916 and Seeshaupt 1916-1922 Campendonck is the only member of the artist group multiple scenes of the mining town of Penzberg processed (eg " Penzberger tab", " Barbara mine ", " suburban farmers," "High image with horses " " Bavarian landscape with wagon " and others).

In today's Nazi memorial Villa Merländer in his native city of Krefeld are the only two preserved wall paintings Campendonk, "Cats" and to consider "Harlequin ". The images were painted over during the period of National Socialism from the owner of the house, Richard Merländer and fell into oblivion. Only in 1991, the images were re-discovered, exposed to 1998 and made ​​available to the public in the same year. The two pictures were taken in 1925, were painted directly onto the fresh, dry plaster of the new house. Campendonck it was at this time not financially very well what it probably forced to accept contract work like this. This was also reflected in his style of painting and especially in the motives of his choice. The harlequin on a mural is designed as a listless, sad clown with turned-down lips. It is believed that Campendonck on the walls of wealthy art lovers painted far more such images as a commissioned work of his time, but to date no other preserved murals of this kind from him are known.

The parish church built in 1929 to 1930 in green Blankenese has equipped him with glass windows.

In the Christ the King Church in Penzberg, there are two further glass window Campendonk. The "Passion window " was created in 1937 at the same time as Campendonck was opposed by the Nazis as " degenerate", in Dutch exile as a contribution in the Dutch pavilion at the World Exhibition in Paris. It was there awarded the Grand Prix. In Penzberg, a new version is in the dimensions 55 x 155 cm. The " Isaiah " window of 1954 was originally part of a design for a large north window of Cologne Cathedral. This window was created as a color Handsome specimen with the dimensions 349 x 106 cm. Campendonck ultimately had to do without for health reasons on the execution of the entire window in Cologne Cathedral. In the meantime, this design has found its permanent place in the church consecrated in 1951.

More glass window Campendonk located in Essen Cathedral, the Michael windows and on the gallery Tight lap of the west section. In addition, he created windows for the evangelical Jesus - Christus-Kirche in Cologne-Kalk, the Catholic parish church of St. Matthew in Vochem (Brühl ) and St. Paul in Dusseldorf.

1930 created Campendonck the glass window cycle in the crypt of the Bonn Minster Church. In the Netherlands there are stained glass windows in public buildings, banks and churches.

Other works Campendonk be kept in the Clemens- Sels-Museum Neuss and in German Stained Glass Museum Linnich. In 1955, Heinrich Campendonk works were exhibited at documenta in Kassel 1.

In 2010, the city of Penzberg wanted to purchase the estate convolute 89 works of the artist and incorporated into a to-build museum, but it was not by a City Council decision of 17 March 2010, to purchase the collection. On 2 June 2010 it was announced that the family has mast ( Jägermeister liqueur) bought the estate and these leaves on loan for 15 years the city of Penzberg subject to conditions.