Hemin

Hemins ( Chloroeisen (III) porphyrin complexes, coordination ) are complexes of the heme iron with the ion in the oxidation state ( III), and a chloride ion as the axial ligand.

Properties

The hemin b heme b is briefly referred to as hemin, with the molecular formula C34H32N4O4 · FeCl, the molar mass of 651.94 g / mol CAS number 16009-13-5. It forms elongated, thin platelets or characteristic beveled prisms brown in transmitted light, appear shiny steel blue in reflected light.

Hemin a forms green crystals.

Hemins are in water and dilute acids insoluble, but soluble in strong bases. Hemins form in inorganic bases Hämatine in organic bases Hämi or Hämochrome.

History

The Cracow anatomist Ludwig Teichmann Karol ( Karol Ludwik Teichmann Stawiarski; 1823-1895 ) crystallized in 1853 for the first time hemin from blood. For the synthesis of hemin, the German chemist Hans Fischer in 1930 was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

Proof

Hemin produced the so-called Teichmann test of hemoglobin when heated with glacial acetic acid ( saturated with sodium chloride ) for the detection of traces of blood.

Use

Hemin arginate is in the form of an infusion solution concentrate ( Normosang ®, Orphan Europe, France) used for the treatment of acute attacks of different forms of porphyria and is subject to medical prescription. Porphyrias are inherited disorders of heme group formation, characterized by the partial failure of enzymes that catalyze the 8 successive steps of the heme structure. The heme group is mainly in hemoglobin (red blood pigment ) in front, but also in enzymes such as cytochrome P450, which plays a role, among others, the degradation / detoxification of xenobiotics (eg drugs) in the liver. Must medicines are increasingly degraded, there is an increased need for cytochrome P450 and a positive feedback to the heme synthesis pathway. If a malfunction of the pathway leads but the positive feedback to an accumulation of the metabolite, the ( processed ) can not be implemented at the normal rate and a porphyria thrust produced ( Porphyrinvorläufer are toxic to the body).

Hemin arginate occupied the position in the positive feedback pathway ( it suggests to the body such that a sufficient amount of heme is present ) and causes a decoupling of the feedback.