Hipparchia fagi
Great Grayling ( Hipparchia fagi )
The Great Grayling ( Hipparchia fagi ) is a butterfly ( butterfly ) from the family of Julia Butterfly ( Satyridae ).
- 6.1 Notes and references
- 6.2 Literature
Features
The moths reach a forewing length of up to 40 millimeters and are therefore above average. However, the females appear larger than the males. The dark wings have a bright band in this one or two eye patches can be seen. The underside is more contrast. In females, the color goes every now and then something about in the Yellowish. The colors serve as camouflage and when these butterflies folded sitting on a tree trunk, they are barely visible. Like many other species of moth waldbewohnende very shy.
Similar Species
The Great Grayling can be distinguished from small Grayling sure only by an examination of Jullienschen organ (rods scales): In H. fagi one finds individual, hermione H. numerous " bristles ".
- Small Grayling Hipparchia hermione (Linnaeus, 1764), syn. Hipparchia alcyone ( Denis & Schiffer Müller, 1775)
- White Grayling Aulocera circe
- Hipparchia syriaca (Staudinger, 1871)
- Hipparchia Genava ( Frühstorfer, 1908)
Synonyms
As Satyrus hermione the species is performed in the older literature. In the recent literature, the very similar Hipparchia is alcyone called Hipparchia hermione.
- Hipparchia hermione Linnaeus, in 1764. A summary of very tangled taxonomy can be found at Lepiforum.
Flight time
The Great Grayling flies in one generation depending on the geographical location from early June to mid-September.
Habitat
You can find the Great Forest porter in clearings in warm deciduous forests and edges of dry meadows up to a height of 1,000 meters. In Germany the species is partially threatened with extinction:
- Red List FRG: 2 ( endangered )
Way of life
The Raupenfutterfplanzen include grasses such as Bromus erectus ( Bromus erectus ). The nocturnal caterpillars overwinter in the litter. There they create with shaking a small bowl. They are brightly colored and wear thin strips that make them almost invisible.
Dissemination
The Great Grayling is widespread among other things, in northern Spain, Aragon and Catalonia. He is also in Central, South and Eastern France and sporadically found in central France. Its distribution extends further over West Germany (Kaiser chair), southern Poland, Italy, Sicily, the Balkans and Greece, including Lefkas and Corfu. The species is not represented in northern Germany, in the European part of Turkey and almost all the Mediterranean islands. The moths are vertically encountered 50-1800 meters, but usually they are found at altitudes below 1000 meters.