Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site
Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site is the property Springwood in Hyde Park, New York. Springwood was the birthplace and lifelong resident and is the burial place of the 32nd President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt. The National Historic Site was established in 1945.
History Spring Woods
The land is located on the Springwood, was originally part of a land purchase, which covered the whole area between the Hudson River to the west and the border with Connecticut to the east. The area of this Great Nine Partners Patent amounted to 567 km ², which received nine businessmen from New York City in 1697 by the English crown. To all our partners to ensure equal access to the river, the land was divided by the river water in nine plots. Springwood is located on such a plot whose original owner was a partner named William Creed.
During the early history of the house at Springwood remains unclear, it is believed that the middle part of the existing building today is a circa 1800 Federal-style built in large farm house. The property was purchased in 1845 by the New York businessman Josiah Wheeler. Wheeler had rebuilt the house and make the then fashionable Italianate or Italian villa style, such as the three-story tower at the south end and the seats at the front and back, ranging over the full length of the house. After this renovation, the house had 15 rooms in total.
The estate, which included 2.5 km ² of land was in 1866 in this state of Franklin D. Roosevelt's father, James Roosevelt, Sr. at a price of U.S. $ 40,000 (1866 inflation- adjusted 629,000 U.S. dollars ) were purchased. At that time there was already a stable and a horse racing track, which was important for James Roosevelt, because he had a great interest in horse breeding. From the purchase of the house until his death 34 years later, James Roosevelt had many improvements to the house to run, including the enlargement of the wing for the servants and two other rooms. He was also a coach house in the neighborhood to build.
1915 took Franklin D. Roosevelt with his mother Sara, the last major enlargement of the house in attack, in which it was rebuilt again to accommodate his growing family, but also to create a place where he could ask his political allies guest who supported his ambitions. Many of the ideas for the new design of the property came from Roosevelt himself; but since the construction work was financed by his mother Sara, she had to make compromises, which also affected financial aspects. With the design, she commissioned the architectural firm Hoppin and Koen from New York City. The size of the house was by the two great wings of boulders, which were designed by Franklin D. Roosevelt, as well as the tower and a third floor with a flat roof more than doubled. The verschindelte facade was replaced by plaster and most of the porch gave way to a paved terrace with fieldstone with a balustrade and a small, pillared portico at the entrance. These changes gave the house the appearance of a mansion in the style of Colonial Revival. Inside was much get the original floor plan in the development. The design was geared primarily to the accommodation of Roosevelt's growing collection of books, paintings, stamps and coins. The conversion was completed after one year in 1916. Franklin D. Roosevelt changed the appearance of the surrounding land, by extensively planted trees. Between 1911, when he started in a big way with the plantations, and his death in 1945 were planted more than 400,000 trees on the property. Finally, a large part of the property to an experimental forestry station, with the participation of the relevant faculty at Syracuse University.
Two years before his death gave Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1943 to land the American people, on the condition that his family retained a lifelong right to use the property. After the family of Roosevelt renounced this right, the property was transferred on 21 November 1945, the Ministry of Interior of the United States. Since then, the estate is managed by the National Park Service as a National Historic Site and is open to the public. 2005 included the establishment of more than 3 square kilometers and was visited by 108 611 visitors.
Use by Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin D. Roosevelt was born in the former tower bedroom on the second floor at the south end of the house. This served as a master bedroom. The room in which he and later his sons slept during her childhood, was located nearby on the same floor. After 1905, Roosevelt married Eleanor Roosevelt, the young couple lived with Roosevelt's mother in this house. The property remained the center of life Roosevelt in all phases of his career. During his presidency, he was nearly 200 times to visit. The property was used in the summer as a replacement for the White House and the President received here his political friends and other prominent national and international guests. When, in June 1939, King George VI. and his wife Elizabeth made the first state visit of a reigning British monarch in the United States, the royal couple was housed in Springwood. Franklin D. Roosevelt used the property as a retreat for himself and his friends on election night all presidential elections in which he ran. After the incoming results pointed out that he had won the election, he went to the front terrace of the house, where he delivered a speech in which he declared himself election winner. Franklin D. Roosevelt's last visit to Springwood took place in the last week of March 1945, about two weeks before he died. At his request, he was buried on 15 April 1945 at the Rose Garden. His wife Eleanor was buried after her death in 1962 at his side.
Entrance hall
The walls of the entrance hall are largely covered with pieces of Franklin D. Roosevelt's collection of paintings. Shown are mainly images of naval history and some historical cartoons. Also, here stuffed birds from the youth Roosevelt are kept. A statue shows him at the age of 29 years. In the corner behind the main stairs is a manually operated elevator car, the president used the disabled, to move between floors.
Dining room and library
This room was the place where Franklin D. Roosevelt worked on his collections, a personal library of 14,000 volumes, more than 2,000 paintings, prints and lithographs of the Navy, more than 300 stuffed birds, over 200 ship models, 1,2 million stamps and thousands of coins, banknotes, badges and medals included.
Music Room
The music room, which is named because of the origin of part of the existing porcelain here and Dresden Room is a salon that contains many pieces of China porcelain and lacquer carving. These are from the period in which the family of Franklin D. Roosevelt's mother was staying in China, where her father earned a lot of money in the trade. Together with the adjacent dining room served this area for formal entertaining the guests. Among these guests, the Prime Minister Winston Churchill were ( United Kingdom) and Mackenzie King ( Canada ) as well as members of the European aristocracy, such as 1939, the King and Queen of the United Kingdom, Queen Wilhelmina with the Princess Juliana and Beatrix of the Netherlands, Prince Olaf and Princess Märtha. A collection of signed photographs of these guests is situated in the Music Room at the piano.
Bedrooms of Eleanor and Franklin D. Roosevelt
In the extension of the house is a suite for Eleanor and Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1915 in one of the side wings decorated. Originally belonged to these rooms a meeting room and two dressing rooms; after Franklin D. Roosevelt contracted polio in 1921, one of the dressing room has been converted into a bedroom for his wife Eleanor and the meeting room into a bedroom for his mother Sarah.
Snuggery
This room, the cozy room was used by Sara Roosevelt to start their day and to run the household. In its present form the room was at the extensive construction work from 1915 through the division of the old southern salons in a gallery and the Snuggery. Much of the old Salon facility was acquired in the smaller room.