Hospital Brothers of St. Anthony

The St. Anthony Medal ( Canonici Regulares Sancti Antonii, religious symbol: CRSAnt; Antonius Order, Antonier, Antoniterorden or Antonians ) was a Christian Hospital Order.

History

The order was in 1095 as a lay brotherhood in St- Didier -de- la -Motte (now Saint -Antoine L'Abbaye ) in the Dauphiné founded in southern France and confirmed by Pope Urban II in the same year. He is according to Anthony the Great ( 251 - 356) named the first Christian monk. The object of the Order was the care and treatment at St. Anthony's fire ill patients, one in the Middle Ages in Europe, widespread disease.

The head monastery of the Order is located in Saint -Antoine L'Abbaye (Dept. Isère, France). There the French nobles Gaston said to have founded the Order in gratitude for the healing of his son from St. Anthony's fire with the help of miraculous located there relics of Saint Anthony. Originally dedicated to the care of returning pilgrims, the activities of the St. Anthony from 1217 concentrated mainly nursing.

From 1247 the brothers lived by the rules of the order of St.. Augustine, and in 1298 was converted to the brotherhood of Pope Boniface VIII in a Chorherr Order. Due to his success in healing the Antonius fire, the order expanded in the following years beyond France. In the 15th century St. Anthony talked approximately 370 Spitale throughout Europe.

The Order lived mainly from foundations and donations, but as a result of the Reformation, the funds fell sharply. With the discovery of the link between infested with ergot fungus cereals and St. Anthony's fire in 1597 by the Medical Faculty of the University of Marburg and the number of cases decreased markedly. As a result of these developments, the importance of the Order fell sharply. By papal decree, the last 33 in Germany remaining houses were incorporated in 1777 in the Order of Malta. Only the monasteries in Cologne and maximum defied the decree and both were secularized in 1803.

Attributes

The religious character of St. Anthony was a T- cross with bells hanging down to it.

The religious habit of St. Anthony was a black choir dress, over a black coat with light blue T- cross.

Today especially the Antoniterschwein is known. The Antoniter received as a gift from the people of piglets, which they umhängten a bell, and brought in their begging areas. There they were fed by the population throughout the year. In autumn, the Antoniter came to collect the pigs, which were until then ready for slaughter again and order to be slaughtered for the monastery.

Antoniter monasteries in the kingdom

One of the first branches of St. Anthony in the country was 1214 Memmingen ( here today is also the Antonine Museum, which is dedicated to the history of the Order and its effect story), a further 41 houses followed. Among the monasteries were in:

• 1190 Roßdorf, since 1441 in Höchst am Main ( Justinuskirche, Antonite maximum )
• 1193 Grünberg ( Hesse), Antonite Grünberg,
• Tempzin 1222 in Mecklenburg ( daughter of founding Green Mountain )
• Isenheim
• 1280 Bern, Bern
• 1290 Freiburg im Breisgau
• 1315 Prettin, house Lichtenbergk
• 1384 Cologne, Antoniterkirche (Cologne)
• Antoniterkapelle (Mainz)
• 1391 Mohrkirch, Schleswig -Holstein ( daughter of founding Tempzin )
• 1393 Nordlingen, Nordlingen Antonite
• 1434 Würzburg, Würzburg Antonite
• 1444 Regensburg
• 1454 Bamberg, Bamberg Antonite
• 1456 Nymburk
• 1492/93 Arolsen, Monastery Aroldessen

Other branches contains the list of Antoniterklöster.

Aftermath: Antoniter forum e.V.

The Antonine forum / Society for the care of the heritage of St. Anthony eV was founded on 16 February 1991. It is dedicated to the research and documentation of the pan-European Antoniterordens (including development of document materials ), deals with art and architecture within the Antoniterordens (including advice and assistance in historic preservation tasks ), issued specialized information and pursuing charitable purposes in accordance with the objectives of St. Anthony.

To meet the first objective of the company - research and documentation of Antoniterordens - a magazine founded in 1993 with a scientific claim, Antoniter -FAQ. The aim of this publication as ever by the Company " Antoniter forum " is a vivid and varied picture of medieval daily life to win, not least by the former forms of social welfare.