Hydron (chemistry)

A proton (official nomenclature of the IUPAC: Hydron ) is in chemistry a positively charged ion (cation ) H of hydrogen, regardless of the core mass. A proton in the chemical sense, so a proton 2H 1H or Triton 3H be ( in the physical sense ), deuterium, it may therefore in addition to the actual proton therefore also contain one or two neutrons. The proton plays especially when acid phrase Brønsted- Lowry a major role.

By donating an electron would benefit from a hydrogen atom, which only has one electron, theoretically only the atomic nucleus remain. Such a formation of free atomic nuclei is by chemical means, however, not possible. There must always be available to a molecule that is responsible for the proton, so that it receives the electron shell of the hydrogen atom.

In the case of a Brønsted acid in an aqueous solution (H2O ) is actually a water molecule reacts with the acid, the proton donor: the water molecule accepts a proton the proton of the acid, which keeps the electron of the hydrogen atom / proton. This always occurs in aqueous solutions, the oxonium ion H3O and H9O4 , which is simplified in reaction equations often to the proton H . The molar concentration of H3O ions results in the pH of a solution.