Impatiens parviflora
Small Balsam ( Impatiens parviflora )
The Small Balsam ( Impatiens parviflora ), also Balsam Hoary or Siberian Balsam, is a flowering plant in the family of Balsaminengewächse ( Balsaminaceae ).
Description
The Small Balsam is an annual herbaceous plant, the plant height of 20 to 60, rarely reach 90 cm. The upright, branched above, bare stem is somewhat glassy and swollen at the joints. The change-constant leaves are broadly lanceolate and have a sharp serrated edge.
The flowering period extends from June to September. In the axils of the upper leaves are erect racemose inflorescences, each with four to twelve flowers. The pale yellow, only 8 to 18 mm large zygomorphic flowers have a straight spur.
The 1.5 to 2 cm long capsule fruit hurls in contact from its seeds, hence the genus name is derived.
Pollination and dispersal biology
On the pollination of the flowers especially hoverflies are involved, areas to look for pollen; but also self-pollination is successful, although no cleistogamous flowers are formed.
The scattering length of the seed is up to 3.4 m. Remote communication can happen but also by Klebhaftung and transported earth.
Occurrence
The natural range of the Little jewelweed includes the mountains of Central Asia from the Altai in the north to the Hindu Kush in the south. It is located in the following countries: Afghanistan, China ( Xinjiang province ), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia (West Siberia), Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Information from Pakistan are provided to Impatiens flemingii, those from Eastern Siberia are not supported by the standard floras ( Flora of China, Flora of the USSR ).
The Small Balsam is in Central Europe and other parts of Europe with a temperate climate and locally in Canada ( Prince Edward Island ) and in the eastern United States, a new citizens ( neophyte ).
The scattered occurring in central Europe to widespread species is found in deciduous and mixed forests, in bushes, gardens and dumps in shady places. It prefers loose, low in calcium or lime-free, fresh to slightly moist soils.
Thanks to its bright, z.T. extensive stands dominated previously thought Impatiens parviflora displacing other plants. In fact, there are extensive stocks especially at sites that do not provide good living conditions for other species, for example because they are too dark to high leaf litter supports have, etc. In this respect, the species is on some of its sites an example of the use of otherwise unused remaining resources.
By 1835, the plant from the botanical gardens (Dresden, Berlin, Geneva ) has run wild. She is one of the few neophytes in Central Europe, could spread greatly in natural forests. On the one hand, the spread of seeds contributed by a rotary mechanism, but probably also the transport of seeds in the tire treads of forest vehicles.
Ingredients
Parts of the plant contain a chemical is not exactly researched, but considered to be toxic, nausea with dizziness and vomiting and diarrhea -causing bitter substance and various tannins.
Blooms of the page
Plant with flowers and unripe capsules
In direct sunlight the balsam can hang the leaves
In the shadow of the leaves immediately sent back to (in this case along with Avens )