Implicit personality theory

An implicit personality theory (IPT ) is a scheme from which we unconsciously assume when dealing with other people. Similar to scientific theories of personality includes these following elements:

Each developed over his socialization individually specific IPT. The topic is in psychology in the field of personality and differential psychology and social psychology (here: " Social Cognition " ) investigated and the pädogogischen psychology ( Dweck ).

IPT have stereotypical judgments an exculpatory function in social behavior. They serve as a guide and provide a frame of reference for behavior towards others (especially foreign ) people. Thus, as the " first impression " in interpersonal perception ( social perception ) massive relief function: When encountering strangers is a social tension that can be reduced by the fact that - on the basis of observable characteristics such as clothing, cleanliness, courteous act, ordinary appearance - will be closed to other characteristics that are not observable, eg Honesty, intelligence, ... ( → halo effect as falsification trend in the perception of other people ). By Perseveranzeffekt these first impressions influence the observer sustainable.

Implicit personality theories are based on experiences and resulting expectations; they are not completely arbitrary, but a result of experiential learning. They act unconsciously in general and for the most part, the reflection of these requirements is subject to the same restrictions as any self-reflection. Herein lies the danger: the perception of the personality of a (foreign) person may be strongly influenced by such tacit assumptions and lead to conclusions that would otherwise not be based on other IPTs. In particular, there is a risk of discrimination against other persons by prejudice and the possibility of " self-fulfilling prophecy ".