Infallibility

Infallibility means inerrancy, flawlessness, perfection in action. In faith of individual religions, faiths and ideologies notions of infallibility play a role.

In a more specific sense of infallibility means ( infallibility, Latin: Infallibilitas ) a property which - according to Roman Catholic doctrine ( first Vatican Council in 1870 ) - the Bishop of Rome ( Pope ) plays when he in his office as a " teacher of all Christians " ( = ex cathedra ) a question of faith or morals to be finally decided proclaimed.

Roman Catholic Church ( Papal infallibility )

According to Roman Catholic teaching, the Pope is the Vicar of Christ and successor of Peter. The infallibility of the pope refers only to the definitions in matters of faith and morals. It was under Pope Pius IX. promulgated by the First Vatican Council of 1870.

Definition: teach to the glory of God our Savior in order to increase the Catholic religion for the salvation of Christian peoples, and we explain definitively as divinely revealed dogma in faithful connection to the obtained from the beginning of the Christian faith forth tradition with the approval of the sacred council, if the Roman Pontiff the highest teaching authority ( = ex cathedra ) speaks, that is, if he autocratically rules final decision of his office as shepherd and teacher of all Christians in the highest apostolic official authority, a doctrine of faith or morals is to be noted by the whole Church, he possesses, due to the divine assistance, which is promised to him in blessed Peter, that infallibility with which the divine Redeemer willed his Church have equipped at final decisions in matters of faith and morals. This final decisions of the Roman Pontiff are therefore unalterable off and not by the consent of the Church.

Orthodox Church

The Orthodox Church knows only the infallibility of the Church. This belief holds that the Holy Spirit will not allow that the whole Church is lost in heresies, but will provide a way to prevent this. However, no single person or institution is automatically infallible - While an Ecumenical Council is regarded as infallible, but not every Council, which describes itself as ecumenical council, must therefore also be one. This status receives a council only by the subsequent reception by the church. This is not just a theoretical construct, there are also concrete examples; best known is the so-called Robber Synod of Ephesus in 449, claimed the ecumenical status, but no recognition hereby found.

Old Catholic Church

The Old Catholic Church originated from an intra- Catholic resistance movement, which did not accept the dogma of the infallibility of the Pope. Therefore you knows no infallible authority in the Church, but to faith above the Orthodox Church on the infallibility of the Church near.

Evangelical churches

The Protestant churches reject the doctrine of whatever kind infallibility of past or today living persons or Incumbent - except Jesus Christ himself - from. The reformers are not considered infallible, but right as in their time, to protect the gospel against a kind of blackout risk.

Some Protestant churches, especially in the pietistic and evangelical tradition as well as in the Pentecostal movement, however, regard the Bible as infallible, which infallibility is differently defined or understood. The term inerrancy is advocated by some, others smell a forced upon the Bible, rationalist postulate behind it. It is a widespread idea that as Jesus Christ has indeed been living in a human body, but still infallible was ( incarnation ), it is also the Bible understood as written by weak people, but because of divine inspiration nevertheless be absolutely trustworthy applicable Word of God ( Inverbation ). This is based on the belief that Jesus Christ himself is the Word. (John 1:1-5 NIV )

Islam

The Twelver Shiites, there are the " Fourteen Infallibles ". Among them are the Prophet Mohammed, the twelve Imams and Muhammad's daughter Fatima. The Sunnis, however, do not believe in human infallibility, even if they accept that Mohammed has expressed very little wrong and especially none of it remained uncorrected. The Qur'an is considered the Muslims as the work of Allah, not Muhammad, and is therefore considered by the vast majority as infallible; human understanding of the Qur'an, however, is considered in turn as fallible and always in need of correction.

Art

Movie: Dogma

The film dogma assumes that a violation of the infallibility of God would also mean the collapse of the universe. Two angels who were banished by God on the earth get leaked a letter in which them a loophole is rejected. If they go through the portal of a certain church, will pardon all sins and they can back into the sky. But since this was contrary to God's original commandment is the world order in danger.