Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
The Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics in Moscow, ITEP short (SSC RF ITEP ), Russian Институт теоретической и экспериментальной физики, is a physics institute, which is subordinated to the nuclear agency Rosatom. It is located near the corner of Sevastopol brochure for Nachimowski brochure ( Bolschaja Cheremuskinskaja 25) and is housed on the grounds of a manor house dating from the 18th century ( Cheremushki ). Director (2008 ) Boris Jurjewitsch Zharkov.
History
The ITEP was established on 1 December 1945 and dealt the beginning of 1947 to 1949 with the development of the theory of nuclear reactors. At that time it was still 3 laboratory founder and until 1968 was director Abram Isaakowitsch Alichanow. At ITEP is worked biology and chemistry in diverse areas of basic and applied research in physics and mathematics up to. The employees are also active in teaching ( at undergraduate and graduate level as well as promotions ) and regularly organize conferences, seminars and a winter school.
As of 1949, the ITEP a heavy water reactor maintained ( even today there is a heavy water reactor Maket ) and from 1961 a 7- GeV Proton Synchrotron, the first Russian particle accelerator with a strong focus and a prototype for the later 76- GeV accelerator in Protwino. Today they maintain a 10 - GeV proton synchrotron and a proton linear accelerator. Scientists at the ITEP won in the time of the Soviet Union Lenin prices 8 and 29 state awards.
From the 1980s a research program for the study of nuclear fusion was started medium heavy ion accelerators.
Currently ( 2008), as a priority fields Theoretical and Mathematical Physics (eg, quantum field theory and string theory ), astrophysics, particle physics (they are, for example, involved with research groups at DESY and CERN experiments), nuclear physics, plasma physics, solid state physics, nanotechnology, nuclear reactor technology, accelerator physics, medical physics specified ( such as PET devices, cancer treatment with the proton accelerator) and computer science. They were one of the first networked via the World Wide Web Russian institutes and operate the Moscow mirror of the Arxiv preprint server.
Importance
Indelible impression upon the Russian theoretical physicist Lev Landau ( the ITEP considered in the tradition of the Landau school) and Isaak Yakovlevich Pomeranchuk been, who directed here from the 1950 seminar. The well-known textbook of quantum electrodynamics by Alexander Ilyich Achijeser and WB Berestezki was at the Institute in 1953. Successes scored the ITEP eg with scientists such as Mikhail Schifman, Boris Joffe, Arkady Vainshtein, Mikhail Voloshin, Victor A. Novikov and Valentin Ivanovich Sakharov ( Zakharov ) in quantum chromodynamics in the 1980s. Other theorists were Vadim Knischnik, Alexei Morozov, Igor Kritschewer and Sergei Gukow in the field of string theory, quantum field theory and mathematical physics, Alexander Dmitrievich Dolgow in cosmology, Igor Kobsarew, Michael Marinov. Other important theoretical physicist at the Institute were Awetowitsch Karen Ter - Martirosyan and Lev Okun, who were both responsible for the selection of the scientists during the Soviet Union, which at that time a strict " screening " was tantamount.
Pomeranchuk Prize
The ITEP awards since 1998, the Pomeranchuk Prize, in honor of Isaac Yakovlevich Pomeranchuk. Prize winners have been: