Intrauterine growth restriction

Are used synonymously also - as intrauterine growth retardation: prenatal dystrophy and fetal Hypothrophie - is referred to a prenatal developmental disorder of different shape and cause. This can be " symmetrical" on both body weight and body length, and " asymmetric" only to the body weight of the fetus relate the size of the head is normal and especially of the abdominal circumference is reduced. Can be diagnosed with growth retardation in the work carried out in the context of prenatal care on the 2nd and 3rd trimester Fetometrien.

Reasons for intrauterine growth retardation can be both endogenous and exogenous factors. Endogenous factors include embryonic malformations, maternal anemia, or metabolic disorders ( including diabetes mellitus), uterine malformations, chromosomal aberrations (eg, trisomy 21), immunological Maladaptationen, hypoxia or infantile metabolic diseases.

Exogenous factors include radiation exposure or intrauterine infections (eg, rubella, toxoplasmosis, herpes). It will also discuss the effects of nicotine and alcohol. Significantly can also maternal coagulation disorders, such as antiphospholipid syndrome, factor V Leiden - mutation, etc..

Intrauterine growth retardation can lead to serious changes in the metabolism of the fetus that persist postpartum and increase the risk of certain chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease in later life (fetal programming ).