Irish name

As Irish families here all families are combined, the longer time on the island of Ireland were at least based in larger parts.

Origin

The Ireland-based families can be classified according to their origin roughly divided into four groups. This division has long had a high cultural and partly regulatory significance. Today it is more of historical or family historical significance, since there was always a high degree of mixing of the groups and in Ireland at any time " ethnically clean separate " groups lived.

Names of the families

The names of many Irish families have at least since the Middle Ages, the prefixes traditionally Ó or Mac prefixed. Both prefixes relate to historical or legendary ancestors, unlike in other languages ​​are not the biological father. Thus, no patronymics. This Ó (also referred to Ua) the " grandson " and Mac to present-day Irish the "son." The pattern would read " son / grandson of ...", for example Ó Briain " grandson of Brian". Briain is the genitive of Brian.

The female counterparts of prefixes loud Ní ( to Ó ) and Nic ( for Mac). These prefixes change the initial sound of the following name: Ní Bhriain (see Anlautmutation ). These prefixes are used only for birth names after marriage the woman takes the man's name in the form " wife of the son of ... ", eg Máire Bean Uí Bhriain, " Máire wife of the grandson of Brian". The entire family is with Uí called ( Uí Briain ), but Uí is also the genitive Ó ( as in the example before Uí Bhriain ).

Especially in the late Middle Ages many Norman families have " hibernisiert " their names. A typical example is Mac Gearailt, "Son of Geralt ", also in the form of Fitzgerald, from a lexical point of view Franco- Norman ( " fitz " from French fils, "son" ), formally a "normal" Irish name. On the other hand, some local families and branches of the family have the prefixes stored in order to assimilate culturally. At present, the so-called Irish renaissance at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century some families added the prefixes again, wrote their names in Irish orthography or translated the name into Irish.

Most Irish surnames are internationally but in their anglicised versions much better known. Examples:

  • Ó Briain: (O ') Brien, (O') Brian
  • Ó Cinneide: (O ') Kennedy
  • Ó Riagáin: Reagan
  • Ò Ceallaigh: (O ') Kelly
  • Mac Coisdealbha: Costello
  • Mac Suibhne: (Mc) Sweeney

In Scotland the prefix Ó is uncommon, it is only used Mac. Perhaps the best known example is " Mc Donald's " of schott Gael. Mac Dhomhnaill, " son of Domhnall / Donald ". Also, in the Welsh names developments of this kind are used, there in the form of mab or map (shortened to ap): ap Rhys ' son of Rhys ", mostly anglicised Rice, Price or Pryce. Other examples: ap Ifan, " son of Ifan ," anglicised Bevan; ap Hywel, anglicised Powell.

Known families

Irish Gaelic

  • Mac Dubh ( aigh ) (( Mac) Duffy, O'Duffy, McDuff, etc.): son of black ( -haired ) s
  • Mac Guaire, originally Cineal Guaire ( Dwyer, McGyver, Maguire ): a family that leads back to one of the few people in the Irish Early Middle Ages, both appearing in the seal as is also historical evidence, Guaire Aidne, king of Uí Fiachrach in Connacht, died 663 AD
  • Uí Briain ( O'Brien, O'Brynn ): in the Middle Ages most powerful family in the west of the country
  • Uí Murchadhadh, Uí Murchu ( Murphy): Today the most common surname in Dublin
  • Uí Néill ( O'Neill, O'Niall ): in the Middle Ages most powerful family in the north of the country
  • Uí Rathaille ( (O ') Reilly )
  • Uí Ceallaigh ( O'Kelly ): the second most common name in Ireland
  • Uí Madadhan ( O'Madden )
  • Uí Neachtain ( O'Naughton )
  • Uí Domhnalláin ( O'Donnellan )
  • Uí Mullally ( O'Lally )
  • Uí Fallamhain ( O'Fallon )

Anglo - Norman or Cambro -

  • De Burca ( de Burgh ): the late Middle Ages powerful family in the Galway area
  • Mac Gearailt ( Fitzgerald ): one of the first having come to the Norman families
  • Col o'Beorth ( Colobert ): quoted by William the Conqueror in his Domesday Book.

English, Scottish

  • Amhlaoibh Mac, Mac Amhlaidh ( Macauley, McCorley etc.): a family of the Outer Hebrides
  • Culture (Ireland )
  • Irish history
  • Irish personal name
  • Family
Ethnic group Norman conquest of England Plantations of Ireland England 19th century Family name Guaire Aidne mac Colmáin Murphy (disambiguation) Cambro-Norman
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