Iveco

Iveco is an Italian truck manufacturer in Turin. Iveco is part of the Fiat group, the name was an acronym for Industrial Vehicles Corporation.

• 2.1 Development 1975-1992: the merging of the old brands
• 2.2 Development 1992-2002: complete renovation of commercial vehicle program
• 2.3 Further development to date and current models 2.3.1 Daily
• 2.3.2 Euro Cargo
• 2.3.3 Stralis / Stralis HI -WAY
• 2.3.4 Trakker
• 2.3.5 Massif

Overview

Iveco was established in 1975 as a merger of the truck division of Fiat, the Italian truck manufacturer OM ( Officine Meccaniche ), the French truck manufacturer, Unic and Magirus -Deutz AG of Germany under the leadership of the Fiat Group, said the new company to 80% belonged. First, the German company Klöckner- Humboldt -Deutz AG held ( KHD) (the former parent company of Magirus -Deutz ) the remaining 20 % stake in Iveco; However, in 1980 this went also to the Fiat Group, which is the sole owner ever since. In 1975 the already insignificant become commercial vehicle division of belonging to Fiat manufacturer Lancia had entered the new Iveco. In 1986, the truck division was acquired by Alfa Romeo.

Core fields of production are vans, light to heavy lorries (trucks) for local and long-distance traffic, construction vehicles and fire engines. The production of diesel engines for different areas is one of the activities of Iveco. Iveco is the second largest manufacturer of trucks in Europe (market share of about 20 % ), the largest manufacturer of diesel engines worldwide. The production is around 200,000 commercial vehicles and 460,000 diesel engines per year. In addition to the truck, are incorporated into the 40 % of the motors ( Tector, cursor ), tractors or other vehicles from other manufacturers ( SOFIM ), they are, for example, as an industrial engines, marine engines and drives for emergency generators used ( Turin 8000, Pregnana - Milanese). Iveco operates 49 factories worldwide and 15 R & D departments and employs 31,000 people. The sale took place in 19 states (as of the numbers: 2005). In the field of fire protection, the name Magirus Iveco subsidiary Iveco Magirus is a term used worldwide. So Iveco is ( claims to ) the largest manufacturer of ladders worldwide.

Key dates in the history of the company

Structure of the company in the creation

For Iveco in 1975 following commercial vehicle manufacturers have joined together:

• Fiat Light industrialization SpA ( Torino / Italy)
• Lancia Veicoli Speciali SpA ( Bolzano / Italy)
• OM ( Officine Meccaniche ) (Brescia / Italy)
• UNIC S. A. ( Puteaux / France)
• Magirus -Deutz AG ( Ulm / Germany )

Subsequent acquisitions

Later, following Iveco producers were acquired:

• Acquisition under subsequent task of name: Ford of Europe ( GB) (brand name in Europe abandoned as a truck manufacturer )
• Motor development of Adolph Saurer AG ( Switzerland ) (but abandoned brand name for trucks, this did not go to Iveco )
• ENASA / Pegaso (Spain ) (brand name as a truck manufacturer abandoned)

• Acquisition under continuation of the name to this day: Astra (Piacenza / Italy)
• Seddon Atkinson ( Oldham / GB)

• Spin-off under a new name, and later re - acquisition: Irisbus ( Saint-Priest/Frankreich ) (1999 as a merger of Bussparten Iveco and Renault Vehicules Industrial ( RVI ) and connected other manufacturers emerged completely taken over in 2003 by Iveco)

• International Trucks Australia

It was also the initiator of the Iveco Euro Fire - group, which consisted of the following companies:

• Iveco Magirus Fire Protection Technology GmbH, with factories in Ulm, Weisweil and Görlitz ( Germany )
• Lohr Magirus Fire Technology in Kainbach ( Austria )
• Iveco Mezzi Speciali in Brescia (Italy ); formerly: Baribbi
• Euro Fire Camiva in Chambery (France).

Since 2005, the activities of Iveco in the fire protection area under the umbrella brand Iveco Magirus are summarized, which consists of the individual brands Magirus - Lohr Magirus and Camiva. The names and Iveco Mezzi Speciali Euro Fire were abandoned.

Vehicles from Iveco

Development from 1975 to 1992: the merging of the old brands

Since the ranges of the predecessor companies generally quite modern truck models were available in the development of Iveco, the model range of the brand Iveco was after the establishment first of a selection of those vehicle types that originated from these merged into the Iveco individual companies. These models have been offered to the Group from now on, in the respective home countries of different origin brands initially each while maintaining its current name ( in France for example, as UNIC and in Germany as Magirus- Deutz ) with an initially quite inconspicuous and small addition " Iveco ". The vehicles from Iveco wore in the early years of the old brand name still clearly on the radiator, as a sign of belonging to the new company, however, was (although quite small) that his momentary Iveco logo ( a stylized lowercase " i", embedded therein, the name " Iveco" ) added. However, a partial type cleanup took place over the previously offered models of the predecessor, for example, replacing the native OM X - series in Germany the light Eicher types of Magirus -Deutz.

In the acquired models are as follows:

• Light trucks in the early 1970s of OM based on older predecessor types evolved X - series. These were later than Iveco (turbo ) Zeta sold in the weight class 5-8 tons total weight, and thus covered the market of large vans to light distribution trucks from. This series remained until the introduction of the first Iveco Euro Cargo 1992 program.
• The mild to moderate MK- series, in which it was the Magirus -Deutz version of the so-called four - club vehicle. This model was published by Magirus -Deutz in 1975 and has also been adopted in the Iveco range. It has also built up to the introduction of the Iveco Euro Cargo 1992. The MK series ranged initially from 6.6 to 13 tonnes gross vehicle weight, the lighter models but fell a little later because of the overlap with the X- series away.
• 1971 put on the market moderate to severe Eckhauber of Magirus -Deutz (the " Baubullen "). These were mainly used as construction vehicles and serviced the demand for total weights of between 13 and (most recently ) 33 tons. This series ran to the end of the Iveco PA series for the German market until 1993, for foreign markets, the heavy Hauber were offered until 2003.

UNIC was, as far as the heavy truck, previously been rather an assembly plant of Fiat under its own name and was something of no own model in the composite one.

Derogation was the state of affairs in the early years of Iveco in the medium and heavy cab-over models from 14 tons total weight. Were further built first under the new name of the heavy long distance trucks from the former FIAT program, eg the type 160 NC, which had also been given it already identical under the name OM and UNIC. These were for example also sold in Germany until 1977 on its own dealer network under the name Fiat. Up to this point, remained as the sole heavy Cabover in Germany nor the coming of Magirus- Deutz old long-distance models of the D- series in the offer, which still had the returning to 1963 cubic TE cab (Trans Europe) with the distinctive stage in the roof.

1977 came, although according to agreed division of labor, the development of the heavy models has been adopted since the Iveco foundation from Ulm Magirus factory new medium and heavy front handlebar with medium length (this version was missing earlier in the program of Magirus- Deutz ) and long distance transport cabs on the market that are technically and optically emulated the strong to the predecessor of the Fiat program. These models were initially given the name M- series. The cabs were like those. Fiat previously, much rounder than that of the German predecessor or the relatively new MK series The engines were taken or further developed by Fiat. This was so far obvious since within the Iveco only originating from the Fiat - shelf machines were water- cooled, which was at that time in Europe in the long-distance transport is already common practice during Magirus- Deutz at this time exclusively on locally traditionally built air-cooled engines had set. The wide range of air-cooled engines of Magirus- Deutz now went his hand into the new Iveco model range and has now offered on request within the entire network of companies, conversely, those derived from Fiat and OM water-cooled engines were also available at the former Magirus- Deutz models so that in this respect Iveco in the next few years " two-pronged " continued as the only Western European manufacturers.

Coinciding with the new M- series and the older Fiat trucks were built in parallel until the 1980s in Italy. The former Magirus- Deutz- distance transport models were quickly superseded by the new models, but the last model was painted with the old TE sleeper cab until 1981 from the offer. Since it first was not the cabs of the M- series in Germany as a very short versions, the heavy transport models were assembled up in 1983 with the cubic D- cab from the Magirus Deutz, fire engines and similar vehicles for other organizations such as Red Cross or the THW kept it even until 1987.

IVECO T- series as an Iveco Fiat

IVECO Daily

In 1978, the range downward rounding off, the Iveco Daily as vans. It was initially developed by Fiat, Alfa Romeo and OM and manufactured in OM and initially sold as a Fiat. In 1980, he then appeared identical in construction to the German market as Iveco, in 1983 he was offered only under this name. The Daily carries the currently oldest product names are still in use and is now in its fourth generation since 2006 is still in the program.

From 1982, the new brand Iveco was optically clear more present: At the radiator cover in the center of the vehicle now shone clearly legible Iveco lettering, while the previous single stamps were marked only with a small logo on the side. The more tradition-conscious customers have been slowly introduced to the new brand. From the mid- 80s, the old names were finally gone, it remained the name alone Iveco. Only the truck OM brand disappeared in 1980.

Iveco 90-16 ( four - Club vehicle in the MK series taken from the Magirus -Deutz program)

Iveco Magirus - 232D16 ( hood wagon from the Magirus -Deutz program)

Iveco 160-23 ( vehicle of the T- series as a further development of the Fiat truck )

Also in 1982, the Omnibus production in Germany was stopped and the bus plant in Mainz- Mombach closed after the models had until then been through the gradual name change analogous to the truck and even get in the end the great Iveco lettering. The standardized buses for the German market had been preserved hitherto from the former Magirus- Deutz program, the older coaches of the TR series had already in 1978 made ​​2000 Place for the coming of the Fiat group and built exclusively in Italy Model M which accounted in 1982 with the end of the bus production in Germany also for the local program. The small club coach R 81, which also dated from the Magirus- Deutz- hereditary, was in 1978 adapted the design of the new M 2000 and in the meantime had not yet received new turbocharged engines. This model also ran out with the plant closure in 1982. In Italy, where Iveco was very strong especially in the line of buses in bus, production was unchanged. Only since the mid-1990s there was again Iveco coaches in the German offer, but virtually no role playing. Only in the program remained continuously until today minibuses based on the Italian-built Iveco Daily and Turbo Daily.

Coach of the TR series with a very small Iveco logo, here Model 230 TR 120

Short Club Coach R 81 with age- front design

Club Coach R 81 with new front design and great Iveco lettering

Appeared in 1984 as the new flagship model of the now converted to the T- series sleeper cab models of the Turbo Star, ranked among the model TURBOTECH also for long distance service. The Turbo Star was considered a very well equipped for its class and had a comfortable cab, which was crowned usually powered by a standard wind deflector on the roof. The Turbo Tech was the normal version, his house was over the top model by 18 cm narrower. Both new types of vehicles, there were only with water-cooled turbo engines. The other vehicles in the T- series as well as the MK- types still had to make do with alphanumeric or later purely numerical model names. The underlying settled T models were initially more than long-distance truck with 260 and 300 hp, TURBOTECH and Turbo Star 320 and 360 hp, only the Turbo Star with 380 and 420 hp.

With the advancement of long-haul trucks to the T- series construction vehicles were designated P- series for front driver whose design corresponded to those of the weaker T- models, as well as PA for the still present in the program heavy Hauber from the Magirus Deutz heritage. Both were to have both conventional four-wheel drive, as there was now a four-wheel model of the MK series ( such as the type 130M7FAL ). This, however, was the late 1970s, less in view of the construction site emerged as rather as a basis for military vehicles, as in bidding for Army truck and a four-wheel drive version was required. The MK- models, but mainly as a conventionally powered military trucks, obtained for example in the army a very wide spread, while the civilian four-wheel -MK remained a rarity. The old hood models were modernized despite technology ( among other things they had the current turbo engines with up to 300 hp receive ) also only sold in small numbers. The heavy Cabover construction vehicles, the P- series, however, are still sold very well. In the end, she gave up to 340 bhp and in addition to the known two - and three-axle models now also in Germany to change the licensing requirements as a four-axle dump trucks and concrete mixers.

Development 1992-2002: complete renovation of commercial vehicle program

Technical developments were continuously in the following years, but it was only from 1992, in a relatively short time a complete and unprecedented in the European commercial vehicle industry renewal of the truck program. It started with the euro cargo than lighter delivery trucks (especially in the 7.5 - ton class ), which replaced the old MK- series as well as the larger models in the light zeta series ( the smaller models of the Zeta series were by the heavier models of the transporter Daily superseded ). Similarly, the Euro -Cargo came into the UK in the place of where he was a Iveco - Ford -built and still popular Ford Cargo, but was only there because of the very prestigious also in the truck sector name Ford as well as the new higher models have some sold years under the double name Iveco - Ford. The spectrum of the Euro -Cargo ranged from 6.5 to 15 tonnes gross weight.

1993 appeared the long-distance lorry euro star, who was the previous top model turbo -Star was the upper class of the new model series roll-call support, as well as moderate and severe distribution and long-haul trucks of Euro -Tech with a smaller cab. That same year, disappeared with the introduction of derived from the Euro -tech series of Euro - Trakker as a four-wheel drive and construction vehicle the entire equipped with the cab of the T- series cab-over program of the 1980s and the last still to Magirus- Deutz declining hood wagon were still of this year, at least for the German market (for foreign markets, there was the heavy Hauber at least until 2003).

Although at the creation a visual consistency between the different model had been formulated, all new models were only now not witnessed previously at Iveco very similar styled family face. The new models were cabs with clear symmetrical contours and several horizontally extending cooling air apertures on the front (three at Euro -Cargo and Euro - Tech, five in the Euro -Star). The originating from the Magirus Deutz heritage air-cooled engines were gone because only low demand from the offer, so that the part of the engines were offered a unified program. The air-cooled units had been recently found mainly still in the heavy construction vehicles and the fire trucks.

While the vehicles had been for the construction sector traditionally been Magirus- Deutz times a strong foothold, this area fell in the following years significantly behind their competitors back and to date has not been given the formerly high importance again.

Externally, the new models remained unchanged for almost 10 years in the program, until 2002 came out the still current vehicles under the sheet metal changed, however, during these years a large part of the art. The heavy vehicles were fitted on the front axle since the model change with disc brakes. As of 1997, there were for this as a great alternative to the conventional manual transmission technical innovation, the semi-automatic transmission called Euro -Tronic for the heavy road trucks. Published in 1998 for the middle Euro tech models the cursor 8 engines with a bandwidth from 240 to 350 hp. In the following year appeared for the stronger euro -tech as well as the Euro -Star vehicles the cursor 10 units with 390 and 430 hp. Followed in 2000 for the Euro Cargo Tector the engines 130-210 hp. 2001 Finally, when the new models were already in the starting blocks, nor the large cursor -13 aircraft followed with 380-540 hp. These engines were seamlessly integrated in the 2002 optically renewed truck models.

In 1995, the great German Iveco buses in the program again a short spell. This year, the euro - Class models as a normal coach and high-wing as well as the Euro -Rider appeared exclusively as a high-wing aircraft. However, these vehicles were insignificant on the German market. After the spin-off of the bus activities in the Irisbus group in 1999, they were soon replaced by those derived from Renault coach types. Since there are only Iveco minibuses, also from various foreign coachbuilders based on the Iveco Turbo Daily based.

Iveco Eurotech

Iveco Euro Trakker -

Iveco Daily 2nd generation

Iveco Daily 3rd generation

Further development to date and current models

2006, the fourth generation of the Daily came on the market. The fire protection engineering work of Iveco Magirus was relocated in early 2007 from the old location in the Ulm Magirusstraße in the Iveco factory in the industrial area Danube Valley. There it occupies a large part of the former cab station, where, since 2006, held again Cab assembly and interior construction there. The cab production in the Danube valley was relocated in 1997 in the Iveco factory to Brescia, but partially retold in 2006 back to Ulm. The painted Rohkabinen come from Brescia since just yet. In early 2007 the Stralis has been revised and is now available in the new version. 2008 has been associated with the " Iveco Massif " after a long break, an Italian SUV on the market.

In May 2012, reported various media that Iveco Magirus will include the production of heavy load carriage in Ulm and move to Madrid. For the fire protection center will be expanded and capacities are to be relocated from other sites to Ulm.,

Daily

The Iveco Daily is a van from a total weight of 3.5 up to 7 tons. The model is now in the fourth generation on the market since 2006. Since 2008, the Daily is also offered as all-wheel drive variant. This is a development of acquired in 2007 off-road vehicle manufacturer SCAM, and is also produced from this. Technically, the all-wheel - Daily has little in common with the two-wheel drive versions, especially the completely different context structure distinguishes him from it.

Iveco Daily 4th generation as tow of the ADAC

Iveco Daily 4th generation

Iveco Daily 4x4

Euro Cargo

The Iveco Euro Cargo (written since the review in one word ) is the mild to moderate range of Iveco. He currently covers total weights from 6.5 to 18 tons and is found in the rule as transport and delivery trucks, as well as a construction vehicle. Since 2003 he is offered in the second generation. What is less well known is that the Euro Cargo is offered in a 4x4 version. This Iveco Massif offers, Trakker and Daily in each category a fully off-road -capable vehicle to.

Iveco Euro Cargo 75E17 2nd generation

Iveco Euro Cargo 75E15 2nd generation

Iveco Euro Cargo 4x4

Stralis / Stralis HI -WAY

The Iveco Stralis is the heavy range of Iveco. It represents the technical development of the previous models euro -tech and Euro -Star, whose descent to the cab is still recognizable. The Stralis was published in 2002. Heavy for the long-distance transport, the model AS ( successor to the Euro -Star ) is provided. In addition, a version exists as severe distributor ( AT) and a smaller long-haul trucks with a smaller cab than AT model. 2006 was the model an extensive facelift. 2013 revised Iveco Stralis again and renamed him. As " Stralis HI -WAY " he was in the same year Truck of the Year.

Iveco Stralis AS 430 ( Vorfacelift )

Facelift model of the Stralis AS440S45T / P

Trakker

The Iveco Trakker is the off-road version of the Stralis AT or the previous Euro - Tech and technically related closely with these. All heavier wheel drive vehicles are sold as Trakker, construction vehicles, both tipper as well as concrete mixers, are as Trakker also available without all-wheel drive.

Iveco Trakker 6x8 Site Dumpers

Massif

The Iveco Massif is an SUV that is offered with two different wheelbases and three different body versions. The model Iveco Massif was developed from the Santana PS-10, for the Iveco been already supplied the engines. The Massif is thus related to the Land Rover Defender.

Thus, the Iveco Massif is a rugged all-terrain vehicle, professional off-road missions were in its development for the military at the center. It has a structure that was typical for SUVs before they were used mainly as SUVs on the road vehicles.

Massif is available with long wheelbase ( 2768 mm) as a five-door station wagon, is a flatbed and single cab and short wheelbase ( 2451 mm) as a three-door station wagon. All versions are available with left and right steering.

The Massif has a gradeability of 100 %, slope angles of 50 ° forward and 30 ° backward and a ramp angle of 28 or 152 °. Wading depth with standard 500 mm, ground clearance with standard wheels and tires 200 mm. The all-wheel drive is switched off and thus reduced by the then freewheeling front consumption significantly. 3 trim levels are available for the Massif: Classico, Montagna and Avventura.

2011 production ended.

Model history at a glance