Jacopo Tiepolo
Jacopo Tiepolo († July 19, 1249 ) was the 43rd Doge of Venice. He reigned from 1229 to 1249.
Family
The Tiepolo family belonged to the so-called " apostolic " families of Venice. From the family two doges emerged. Grandson of Jacopo Tiepolo was Baiamonte, whose name is associated with one of the extremely rare coup attempts in the lion's Republic.
Life
Jacopo had in his political career held important offices. He was Podesta of Treviso and Konstantin Opel, the first Duke of Candia ( Crete) and he was fleet commander of the Venetians in the crusade to the Holy Land. He was married in first marriage with Maria Storlado. His second wife he married Valdrada, a daughter of the King of Sicily, Tancred (1189-1194) and sister of the wife Constanza of his predecessor's Dogenamt, Pietro Ziani. He had but one daughter, four sons, who held all the important offices in the Republic. Son Lorenzo Tiepolo was elected the 46th doge.
The Dogenamt
Jacopo Tiepolo was elected after the resignation of his predecessor, Pietro Ziani after a long conclave, in which it had come between him and Marino Dandolo to a vote tie, so that you can finally let decide the lot. This election was one of the causes of continuing tensions between the families Dandolo and Tiepolo. Resentment aroused his policy to provide his sons with important offices, as any form of nepotism was rejected in the Republic and patronage was expressly prohibited within the family in the Promissio the Doge. The dogaressa defied without concerns about the promissio in which she accepted expensive gifts and near Constantinople bought own locks.
Constitution of Venice
During his reign, the Constitution took shape in fundamentals of Venice, but which was always adapted changing political circumstances. Over the following centuries a sophisticated balance of power between the various bodies of legislation, case law and the administration, attached to a system of checks and balances was in Venice, reached, which led to the extraordinary durability and stability of the lions republic in Europe was unique.
Among Tiepolo, the Consiglio dei pregadi, nucleus of the later Senate, where initially advised especially trade policy issues, later especially the foreign policy and it was decided the body of Quarantia, a kind of civil Court, consisting of 40 participants and the Maggior Consiglio, was the since 1297 was the legislative body of the Republic and, perhaps, emerged from the Arengo, the open town meeting, but there still existed the traditional Assembla popolare, a general meeting Venetian citizens, which met at San Marco Square, and in the early Republic had elected the Doge until serrata in the 1297 authorization for the Dogenwahl to members of certain noble families who were later entered in the Golden Book of the city, has been restricted.
He issued in 1232 an improved version of the oldest penal code of Venice, the Promissio maleficiorum. 1242 he contributed to the codification of the laws of Venice, where he was a Neuredaktion municipal statutes in order.
Foreign Policy
1232 visited the city of the Emperor Frederick II. He gave Venice further trade privileges in the Kingdom of Sicily. From the beginning of Tiepolo Appointed to the Republic from all sides was under distress. It was not until 1234 succeeded Tiepolo, quell the years of rebellion in Crete and Venice to consolidate control of the island again.
From the fighting in northern Italy between Guelphs and Ghibellines, each of the papal or supported the imperial side and determined the policy of the Italian city-states in the 12th and 13th centuries was also not spared Venice, although it took the side of any page. Ezzelino da Romano, a partisan of the emperor, had already conquered Vicenza and Verona and prepared to Treviso attack, where Pietro Tiepolo, son of Jacopo was podestà. Pietro fell at the battle of Corte Nuova in 1237 as podestà of Milan in the captivity of the emperor, in which he died. Following the work of Pandolfo Collenuccio he was hanged in 1240 in Trani so that the passing Venetians could see him hanging on a tower.
In Istria there were constant revolts, which were fueled by the machinations of King Bela of Hungary and Ancona threatened to fall into the sphere of influence of Constantinople. Under the direction of the Doge succeeded the Venetians to set the fleet on fire Ancona, Istria and make parts of the Dalmatian coast and several cities of northern Italy to under Venetian "protection." Ferrara, the main Umschlagort for trade to Northern Italy and Europe, was forced to turn over only or imported via Venetian Venice goods. 1239 joined the Doge in the anti-imperial alliance with Genoa and the Pope. Since 1245, the city approached probably against the will of Jacopo Tiepolo returned to the Emperor.
Foundations
Tomb
Tiepolo thanked in May 1249 for unknown reasons and died on July 19 in his home. As the first Doge Jacopo Tiepolo was buried in a coffin on the facade of the church. In his sarcophagus and the remains of the second Doge Tiepolo, Lorenzo were buried.
The simple coffin box made of marble is covered with a gable roof, which is divided into five fields that show the right and left of the reliefs Dogenwappens of Tiepolo. The front, which is covered by Doric small columns is provided with an inscription panel flanked right and left by angels.