Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban
The parliament building of the Government of Bangladesh
Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban ( Bengali: জাতীয় সংসদ ভবন, Jatiya Saṃsad Bhaban, House of Assembly) is the building of the National Parliament of Bangladesh in the capital Dhaka.
The building was designed by the American architect Louis I. Kahn (1901-1974), in close cooperation with the experts and prestressed concrete structural engineer August E. Komendant. It is considered one of the largest Parliament building in the world.
Prehistory
In 1959, the Pakistani government in East and West Pakistan decided to build two new capitals. The ostpakistanische Sher -e -Bangla Nagar was near Dhaka on flat land. In 1962, the American architect Louis I. Kahn by the East Pakistan government, a first request for a design for the new Parliament building. The contract included along with Parliament and the design of the entire site, which should also include residential and infrastructural facilities as well as other public and administrative buildings.
Kahn's first designs date back to 1963, construction began the following year, and the foundation of the parliament building was laid in 1965. The roof of the building was originally planned as a pyramid. Only after the negotiations with the new government and the revision of the Master Plan Kahn developed in the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, the construction of the flat roof vault.
Overall, lasted 20 years, the construction of the parliament building in Dhaka. The Civil War to the Declaration of Independence of the State of Bangladesh, the transformation of the original design, and finally the death of the architect Louis I. Kahn in 1974 led to that record-breaking construction. The result is an impressive complex of buildings should reflect the hopeful spirit of a young democratic republic.
Architecture
Kahn's design is distinguished by a new architectural language that combines Western and Eastern traditions, forms and materials. So he placed, for example, due to the great importance of the element of water in the Bengali tradition of the building complex of the Parliament in an artificial lake. Expansive space and stairs and lawns isolate the citadel -like monument from its surroundings. The walls of the archaic-looking building made of gray - brown concrete; white marble emphasized the wide horizontal and vertical joints. Around the central assembly room geometrical various individual bodies are created and in the walls of large, geometric apertures are cut in different shapes, which emphasize the contrast of light and shadow and make natural light as illumination available. There are several cylindrical buildings, which are used among other things as residences on the east side of the building complex. Although Kahn's buildings are characterized by strict geometrical shapes and gliedernde central axes and diagonals, they are influenced by the basic idea of creating places where people feel comfortable and meet their needs; they invite you to communication and community. So also the Parliament Building in Dhaka reflects the idea of the transcendent character of the meeting, which determined the hopeful early years of the independent state Bangladesh, resist.